石油轻馏分的分子水平表征技术研究进展

摘要

Understanding the molecular compositions of petroleum light fractions plays an important role in realizing molecule management of petroleum refining processes.The Research Institute of Petroleum Processing (RIPP) has established various methods to analyze trace NOx in FCC dry gas, illegally added heteroatomic compounds in vehicle gasoline, and different types of isoparaffins, olefins, monomers in hydrocarbons and non hydrocarbons compounds present in middle distillates using GC or GC-MS, with the assistance of modern separation techniques.Moreover, we have also intelligentized these qualitative and quantitative methods using computer technologies.As a result, these methods were widely adopted and utilized in the petrochemical industry.This review summarized the work of RIPP on analytical methods of petroleum light fractions at the molecular level, and provided suggestion on future directions within this field.%石油轻馏分的分子水平认识是实现石油炼制过程分子管理的重要组成部分.采用气相色谱仪、气相色谱-质谱联用仪等先进仪器,结合现代分离技术,建立了催化裂化干气中的痕量NOx,车用汽油中违法掺入的杂原子化合物,中间馏分中不同类型异构烷烃、烯烃、烃类和非烃类单体化合物的分析方法;利用计算机技术,将这些定性、定量分析方法智能化,使这些方法在石化行业得到广泛的推广利用.笔者对近年来石油化工科学研究院在石油轻馏分的分子水平表征工作进行了总结和归纳,在此基础上,根据实际工作的经验,对将来应重点开展的工作提出了建议.