丁腈橡胶中空纤维阻尼新材料的制备及性能

摘要

NBR （nitrile-butadiene rubber） hollow fibers have been prepared by the method of dry - wet phase inversion, in which PVC（polyvinylchloride） was blended to avoid the problems of NBR because of being too viscous and too long time of phase inversion. The NBR hollow fibers may be a new lightweight and consumption reducing damping material. The mechanical property of NBR hollow fibers aroused by changing NBR/PVC mass ratio and polymer mass fraction have been studied. The results show that the damping property of the hollow fiber structure is better than that of the plate membrane structure under the same conditions. The stretching and damping property of NBR hollow fiber can be optimized by changing NBR/PVC mass ratio and polymer mass fraction. The damping peak temperature of NBR hollow fiber decreases by increasing the NBR/PVC mass ratio. When polymer mass fraction is 25% and mass ratio of NBR/PVC is 80 - 20, the damping factor of NBR hollow fiber is the largest, which is 0.78.%针对丁腈橡胶（NBR）黏度过大和相转化时间较长难于纺制中空纤维的问题，采用先与聚氯乙烯（PVC）共混改性再用干-湿相转化的方法制备出轻质、低耗材的丁腈橡胶中空纤维阻尼新材料，探讨了NBR与PVC质量比和共混聚合物质量分数对NBR中空纤维阻尼及力学性能的影响。结果表明：中空纤维结构阻尼性能明显优于对应的平板膜结构；调整NBR与PVC质量比和共混聚合物质量分数可优化NBR中空纤维的拉伸性能及阻尼性能；可通过提高NBR与PVC质量比使NBR中空纤维阻尼材料的损耗因子峰值所对应的温度向低温方向偏移。共混聚合物质量分数为25％，NBR与PVC质量比为80：20时，NBR中空纤维阻尼损耗因子最大，达到0．78。