基于超弹性特性的SMA复合材料层合板低速冲击损伤数值模拟方法

摘要

This study established 3D finite element analysis models of composite laminates containing SMA wires of different angles and different distance intervals by combing ABAQUS software platform and VC++6.0 program designing.The SMA piecewise linear model derived from Brinson constitutive model to describe the SMA superelas-ticity and the 3D HASHIN failure criterion to predict intralaminar damage of composite laminates were compiled as ABAQUS/VUMAT subroutines.Interlaminar damage was modeled with cohesive element.Numerical simulation method of the low-velocity impact damage behaviour of composite laminates containing SMA wires and compression-after-impact was proposed.This study compared the damage behaviour of laminates with and without SMA wires, as well as ordinary metal wires at different impact energy.Compression-after-impact(CAI)simulation results indi-cate that the CAI strength of laminates containing SMA wires with volume friction of 25% and diameter of 0.5 mm, is increased by 5.78% compared with laminates not containing SMA wires,and by 4.69% compared with laminates containing ordinary metal wires at impact energy of 16 J.Furthermore,computation results of SMA wires volume friction and diameter value effecting on the impact behaviour show that laminates’anti-impact ability becomes stron-ger when volume friction increases.When volume friction keeps constant,the enhancing effect on the laminates’ anti-impact ability with SMA wires of smaller diameter (0.3 mm)is better than that with larger diameter (0.6 mm).%基于ABAQUS有限元软件结合VC++6.0程序设计，建立了含不同铺层角度、不同排列密度形状记忆合金(SMA)纤维的复合材料层合板有限元模型。将基于Brinson本构模型的 SMA分段线性超弹性模型以及判断复合材料层内失效的三维 HASHIN失效准则编译至 ABAQUS/VUMAT子程序，使用界面单元模拟复合材料层间区域，建立了 SMA复合材料层合板的低速冲击损伤及冲击后剩余强度数值模拟方法。对比了不含 SMA 纤维层合板、含 SMA纤维层合板、含普通金属丝层合板在不同冲击能量下的损伤响应。进一步分析了 SMA 纤维体积分数和直径变化对冲击响应的影响。冲击后剩余压缩强度模拟结果表明：冲击能量为16 J 时，含体积分数25%、直径0.5 mm的SMA纤维层合板的冲击后剩余压缩强度相比不含SMA纤维层合板提高5.78%、相比含普通金属丝层合板提高4.69%。随着 SMA纤维体积分数提高，层合板的抗低速冲击能力增强，当体积分数一定时，较细的(0.3 mm)SMA纤维比粗的(0.6 mm)SMA纤维对层合板的抗低速冲击能力增强效果更好。