初步观察千年笛鲷早期发育各个时期的形态特征,同时使用实时荧光定量 PCR 方法对4种视蛋白基因在早期发育中的表达规律进行分析。研究观察到千年笛鲷卵为圆球形,属浮性卵,中心有一明显的油球。在水温(24.5±0.5)℃的条件下,千年笛鲷胚胎发育共经历6个发育阶段18个时期,从受精卵到孵化一共经历24h。仔鱼经历12—15d发育为稚鱼,30d—35d发育为幼鱼。同时对7个胚胎发育时期和2个仔鱼发育时期4种视蛋白(LWS、SWS1、SWS2、RH)基因的表达情况进行检测,在下包1/2、胚孔封闭、视囊这3个时期有显著性表达(P<0.05),尤其在胚孔封闭时期,表达量达到最高。其余时期4种基因的表达水平显著下降,但在2个仔鱼时期表达量比孵化期略有增加。结果表明千年笛鲷4种视蛋白基因在早期表达过程中与神经胚的形成有密切的联系。%In this study, we observed the morphological characteristics and used qRT-PCR to analyze the expression pattern of four opsin genes during the early development of Emperor red snapper. The eggs of Emperor red snapper were a type of buoyancy that had spherical shape and one oil globule. Fertilized eggs hatched in 24 hours at the temperature of (24.5±0.5)℃, and there were 6 phases and 18 stages in the development of the embryo. After 12—15 days, the larvae developed into juvenile. After 30—35 days, the juvenile developed into young fish. We detected the expression of four opsin genes (LWS,SWS1,SWS2 andRH) at 7 embryo stages and 2 larvae stages. All four genes were markedly ex-pressed at the 1/2 epiboly stage, the closure of blastopore stage and the optic capsule stage (P<0.05). The expression level of the four genes was the highest at the closure of blastopore stage. At other stages the expression was largely de-creased. However, the expression was slightly increased at 2 larvae stages compared to the hatching stage. Our results suggested that the expression of the four opsin genes in the early development was closely associated with the formation of the neural embryo of Emperor red snapper.
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