为探讨中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)蜕壳前后肌肉组织的形态特征变化,采用石蜡切片、电镜及生物化学方法,研究了中华绒螯蟹蜕皮过程中步行足和腹部肌肉的组织学、超微结构及主要蛋白质含量的变化.结果显示:相对于蜕皮间期,步行足在蜕皮前后组织学形态特征无明显变化;超微结构在蜕皮前无明显变化,蜕皮后可见肌原纤维纵裂及肌小节横裂现象,表明蜕皮后外骨骼硬化的过程伴随着肌肉的生长.相对于蜕皮间期,腹部肌肉在蜕皮前后组织学特征变化明显:蜕皮前肌束间隙增大,蜕皮后肌束内肌纤维间隙增大.电子显微镜观察显示,蜕皮前肌原纤维在内部降解,出现空洞,肌原纤维边缘降解,导致肌原纤维间隙增大;蜕皮后肌原纤维重新组装、重建,恢复到间期正常形态.生物化学研究发现,蜕皮前后步行足和腹部肌肉中肌原纤维蛋白和可溶性蛋白含量的变化同其结构特征的变化相一致.以上研究结果表明,中华绒螯蟹肌肉组织的结构特征同蜕皮周期密切相关.%To investigate morphological characteristic of muscles in Eriocheir sinensis before and after molt, histology, ultrastructure and main protein contents in walking leg and abdominal muscles of E. sinensis during molt cycle were studied. The results showed that the histology of walking leg muscle at pre- and post-molt was similar with inter-molt. Their ultrastructure had no obvious change in pre-molt stage compared with inter-molt, and it took on visible myofibril-lar fissure and sarcomere transverse crack in post-molt, indicating that the muscle was growing while the exoskeleton was hardening. In termers of abdominal muscle, enlarged muscle bounds space in pre-molt stage and enlarged muscle fibers space in post-molt stage were observed. Moreover, there were erode area in myofibril and enlarged inter-myofib-ril space in pre-molt. The myofibril re-assembled in post-molt and re-covered to the normal form of inter-molt. Myofib-rillar protein and soluble protein content in walking leg and abdominal muscle fluctuated and agreed well with their structure. The results indicate that the structural characters of walking leg and abdominal muscles of E. sinensis are closely related to the animal's molt stage.
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