不同生态型摩西球囊霉菌株对棉花耐盐性的影响

摘要

The effects of two Glomus mosseae isolates collected from non-saline soil(M1) and saline soil(M2) on cotton growth at four NaCl levels (0,1,2,and 3g/kg) were investigated under greenhouse conditions.The results showed that mycorrhizal colonization of two isolates was 20% to 40%,and the colonization of M2 was higher than that of M1.The two isolates had different effects on growth and mineral elements uptake of cotton plant.Isolate M1 increased biomass and phosphorus concentration,but had no significant effects on sodium and chloride concentration of cotton plant at all four NaCl levels.Isolate M2 significantly improved plant growth at 3g/kg NaCl and phosphorus concentration at 0 and 1g/kg NaCl respectively,meanwhile it significantly increased sodium concentration at 2 and 3g/kg NaCl and chloride concentration at 1,2 and 3g/kg NaCl as well.For the two isolates,cotton plant inoculated with isolate M1 had significant higher biomass and phosphorus concentration,but lower sodium and chloride concentration than that of inoculating with isolate M2 at 2 and 3g/kg NaCl.These are the main mechanisms by which the two isolates had different effects on salinity tolerance of cotton plant.It is concluded that the potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus in enhancing the salinity tolerance of plant is related to the biological characteristics of the fungus itself.%在盆栽条件下研究了4个NaCl水平下(0、1、2和3g/kg)接种丛枝菌根真菌Glomus mosseae的2个菌株M1和M2对棉花耐盐性的影响。M1自非盐渍土壤分离，M2自盐渍土壤分离。结果表明，不同盐水平下2个菌株对棉花根系的侵染率为20%～40％，M2的侵染率高于M1；这两个菌株对棉花在盐胁迫环境下的生长状况都有一定的促进，其中M1的促进作用明显大于M2的，并且在NaCl水平为2和3g/kg时，两菌株对棉花生长的效应之间的差异达到极显著水平。进一步的分析表明两菌株对植株吸收矿质元素的作用方面存在一定差异。接种M1的植株含磷量在4个盐水平下均显著高于对照，而接种M2处理的植株含磷量只是在0和1g/kg NaCl时显著高于对照，在2和3g/kg NaCl时略低于对照，并显著低于接种M1处理的。在4个NaCl水平下，接种M1的植株钠和氯含量与对照没有显著差异；接种M2的植株氯含量在1～3g/kg 3个NaCl水平下、钠含量在2和3g/kg 2个NaCl水平下不仅显著高于对照，同时也显著高于接种M1的植株氯和钠含量。这些差异是M1和M2两菌株对提高棉花耐盐性作用大小不同的主要原因。上述结果说明不同生态型AM真菌菌株对植物的耐盐性的影响力不同，这与真菌自身的生物学特性有关。