褐飞虱持续暴发成因——以江西泰和县为例

摘要

为了明确泰和县近年来晚稻田褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens (St(a)l)连年暴发的规律.通过分析泰和县2008-2013年褐飞虱的田间调查及灯诱数据,并结合气象条件,研究了泰和县晚稻田褐飞虱暴发的主要影响因素.结果表明:(1)危害早稻田的褐飞虱以2、3代为主,其田间种群数量的多少主要受春季迁入虫量的限制,本地早稻收割后的滞留虫源对晚稻种群数量的影响很小.(2)危害晚稻田的褐飞虱以5、6代为主,后期迁入虫量、秋季温度以及晚稻田初期外来迁入虫量是影响晚稻田后期暴发的关键因子.(3)不同年份间晚稻田褐飞虱暴发类型不同.2008和2009年属后期迁入虫量与“暖秋”共同影响类型;2010年是“暖秋”影响类型;2011和2012年是后期迁入虫量影响类型;2013年是晚稻田早期迁入虫量积累影响类型.后期迁入虫量、秋季温度以及晚稻田早期迁入虫量是导致泰和县晚稻田褐飞虱连年暴发的主要原因.这些结果为褐飞虱暴发规律的阐明及可持续治理提供了理论依据和参考价值.%The objective of this research was to determine the cause of the continuous outbreaks of brown planthopper (BPH) in Taihe County.We analyzed field and light trap data on BPHs in Taihe County from 2008 to 2013,and combined them with data on meteorological conditions to identify the main reasons for the outbreaks in late-rice fields.The BPHs damaging early-rice fields were the 2nd and 3rd generations whose population sizes were mainly limited by early immigration.After the early-rice harvest,resident populations contributed less to the insect population sizes in late-rice fields.The BPHs in late-rice fields were the 5th and 6th generations.Late period immigration,autumn temperature,and initial insect population size in late-rice fields played an essential role in late-rice field outbreaks.The outbreak types varied over time.In 2008 and 2009,the outbreaks were due to the late period immigration and the "warm autumn",while the "warm autumn" caused the 2010 outbreak.In 2011 and 2012,the late period immigration led to the outbreak,however the initial insect population size was the main diver of the 2013 outbreak.The late period immigration,the autumn temperature,and the initial insect population size were the factors that caused the continuous outbreaks of BPH in Taihe County.These results provide a theoretical basis anda reference for long-term predictions and sustainable insect management strategies.