氮磷高效优质小麦小偃54在京郊的适宜播量与施肥量研究

摘要

对小偃54小麦的品质、抗逆性与各年产量变化等特点已进行过大量试验，并已在河南、陕西等省大面积推广。为了在京郊及华北地区能合理栽培这一优质稳产小麦，针对其分蘖力强与耐低营养的特性，1999年秋在京郊布设了每公顷45 kg、75 kg、105 kg和135 kg 4个播量等级与每公顷296 kg N，31 kg P，35 kg K和192 kg N，62 kg P，70 kg K 2个肥力水平的大田试验。结果表明，该优质小麦在京郊的适宜播量为105 kg/hm2，施肥量为中等肥力即可达6 000 kg/hm2的产量。从而可获得投入少，产出高，节约化肥和保护环境的目的。%Wheat variety Xiaoyan 54 is grown widely in Henan,and Shaanxi Province,for it has high grain quality,and resistance to environmental stress.In order to grow Xiaoyan 54 in an optimal cultivation condition in Beijing and North of China,a field experiment was carried out in Beijing Suburb with four sowing levels and two fertilizer application rates and in 1999～2000 growing season.The four sowing levels were 45,75,105 and 135 kg seeds/hm2,the two fertilizer application rates were middle level(96 kg N,31 kg P,35 kg K/hm2),and high level (192 kg N,62 kg P,70 kg K/hm2).Results indicated that sowing 105 kg seeds/hm2 and middle fertilizing rate was the best choice,it produced 6 000 kg grain/hm2.Sowing more seeds or applying more fertilizers could not produce significant higher grain yields.