贵州雷公山秃杉的种群结构和空间分布格局

摘要

在贵州雷公山秃杉分布区域选择6类典型样地,运用相邻格子法,对秃杉种群进行生态学调查,采用空间序列代替时间序列的方法,编制种群的特定时间生命表与存活曲线,并应用均值(X-)、聚集度指数(Ⅰ)、聚集指数(Ca)、扩散系数(C)、负二项分布指数(K)等聚集强度指数分析种群分布格局,为贵州雷公山秃杉种群的保护提供一定的理论依据.研究结果表明:(1)秃杉种群年龄结构呈金字塔形,幼苗严重不足,成年阶段个体较为丰富,种群有衰退趋势；(2)秃杉种群的死亡率qx从Ⅰ龄级至Ⅶ龄级增大,其中在Ⅴ龄级与Ⅵ龄级有两次死亡高峰,存活曲线基本接近DeeveyⅡ型；(3)种群分布格局整体上呈聚集分布.%The six typical sample plots were chosen and an ecological investigation was made on the natural Tai-wania flousiana population in Leigong Mountain,Guizhou by using checkerboard frame method. The time-specific life table and survivorship curve of T. Flousiana population were obtained by the space series to replace time series.and the distribution pattern of T. Flousiana populations was analyzed by assembling intensity indexes such as mean (X)?index of clump (J),clump index (C),spread coefficient (C),negative binomial parameter (K) as well as. The results showed that:(l)The population structure of T. Flousiana was a pyramid type, the individuals at young and old stage were rare and the individuals at adult stage were abundant. The age structure of the population of T. Flousiana was declining; (2) The mortality rate increased in the lifespan with the two mortality peaks at age grade V and age grade Ml ,and the survivorship curve of T. Flousiana population trended to be Deevey II type;(3)The distribution pattern of T. Flousiana population wholly was clumpy. This study will enrich and broaden the preserve biology of this area and provide theoretical basis for the preserve of the population of T. Flousiana in Leigong Mountain .Guizhou.