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双排非对称四点接触球转盘轴承刚度分析

     

摘要

Owing to the bearing space constraints and high load carrying capacity requirements,the traditional symmetric double-row four-point contact ball slewing bearing with negative clearance (α01 =α02 =45°) is improved,and a new asymmetric contact angle design(α01 =35°-60°,α02 =90°-α01) with negative clearance is proposed.A calculation model of double-row four-point-contact bearing with asymmetric contact angle is established based on the Hertz contact theory and rolling bearing design method.The influences of asymmetric contact angle and negative clearance on bearing stiffness are analyzed.The results show that,with the increase in unidirectional loads Fa,Fr and M,the main stiffness decreases first and then increases nonlinearly,and a critical inflection point exists on bearing stiffness curve due to the negative clearance.In the initial stage,the initial preload stiffness of bearing is obviously improved,however,the effect of negative clearance on bearing stiffness is gradually weakened and eventually tend to be consistent with the increase in negative clearance.Under unidirectional loading condition,the integrated bearing stiffness is the best for the negative clearance being-0.03 mm and α01 =55° and α02 =35°.Under the combined loading condition,the bearing stiffness is optimum for the negative clearance being -0.03 mm and α01 =60°,α02 =30° or α01 =35°,α02 =55°.Asymmetric contact angle and negative clearance design have a significant effect to improve the overall stiffness of bearing.%随着轴承空间限制和高承载能力的目标要求,对传统负游隙对称型(初始接触角α01=α02=45°)双排四点接触球转盘轴承进行改进,提出负游隙非对称型接触角设计(α01为35° ~60°,α02为90°-α01),并基于赫兹接触理论和滚动轴承设计方法建立负游隙非对称双排四点接触轴承的力学模型.结果表明:随着单向载荷轴向力Fa、径向力Fr和倾覆力矩M增加,主刚度在开始阶段基本呈下降趋势,随着单向载荷的增加非线性上升,负游隙的影响使得轴承的刚度变化曲线存在一个临界拐点;初始阶段随着轴向负游隙量的增加,轴承的初始预紧刚度都得到明显提高,但随着载荷的增加负游隙对轴承刚度的影响逐渐减弱,最终基本趋于一致;单向载荷条件下,当轴向负游隙为-0.03 mm和非对称接触角取α01=55°,α02=35°时,其综合轴承刚度最好;综合外载工况下,负游隙取-0.03 mm和非对称接触角取α01=60°,α02=30°或α01=35 °,α02=55°时轴承综合刚性最佳.从提高轴承综合刚性角度考虑,非对称接触角设计和负游隙都可以起到明显效果.

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