基于生物量的油菜越冬前植株叶片空间形态结构模型

摘要

油菜越冬前的形态建成是油菜苗后期乃至整个生长中、后期的物质基础,叶片是该期最重要的营养器官。为了明确油菜植株的形态结构要素与器官生物量的关系,以3个甘蓝型油菜品种为材料,于2011—2013年分别设置品种和肥料试验、品种、肥料和密度试验、品种试验,越冬前测定油菜植株不同叶位叶片形态指标,分析油菜主茎叶片形态参数与叶片干物重的关系,构建了基于生物量的油菜越冬前植株叶片空间形态结构模型。建模后以独立试验数据检验,除短柄长、叶切角和叶弦角、不施肥品种叶片干物重分配系数值(partitioning coefficient of leaf blade dry weight, CPLB)误差较大外,油菜越冬前植株叶片空间形态结构模型观察值与模拟值一致性较好,所建模型可靠性较高,具有一定的解释性。%Rapeseed morphogenesis at pre-overwintering stage is the basis of growth and development of rapeseed in whole growth stage, and the leaf blades are important vegetative organ in this stage. To quantify the relationships between rapeseed plant architecture indices and the corresponding organ biomass, we used three cultivars including (V1) Ningyou 18 (conventional varie-ty), (V2) Ningyou 16 (conventional variety), and (V3) Ningza 19 (hybrid variety) in the field experiments, and designed treatment of variety-fertilizer, variety-fertilizer-density, and variety tests in 2011–2012 and 2012–2013, with three fertilizer levels of no fer-tilizer, normal fertilizer (N, P2O5, K2O are 90 kg ha–1), and high fertilizer (N, P2O5, K2O are 180 kg ha–1), and three density levels of D1 (6×104 plant ha–1), D2 (1.2×105 plant ha–1), and D3 (1.8×105 plant ha–1). Morphological indices were determined at pre-overwintering stage, the biomass-based rapeseed aboveground structure model was established with morphological indices, and the relationships between leaf blade indices and leaf blade biomass were analyzed. The models were verified using independ-ent experiment data in 2011–2012, and 2012–2013, showing that the simulated values from the rapeseed plant leaf space morpho-logical structure models, such as leaf blade length, leaf blade width, leaf blade bowstring length, leaf blade petiole length, and leaf blade angle from 2011 to 2012 were goodness of fit to observed values, and their da values and RMSE values were –0.231 cm, 2.102 cm (n=63); –0.273 cm, 0.484 cm (n=63); –0.343 cm, 1.963 cm (n=63); 0.412 cm, 2.095 cm (n=36); –0.635 cm, 1.006 cm (n=27); 4.421°, 14.734° (n=63); 6.642°, 21.817° (n=63), respectively. The correlation between observation and simulation in the morphological indices were significant at P<0.001, but the dap values were less than 5% for the leaf blade length and the leaf blade bowstring length, which indicated that these models’ accuracy is high. The simulated values of the models had better consistency and better reliability with the observed values at pre-overwintering stage except for petiole length of the short-petiole leaves, leaf tangent angle, leaf bowstring angle, and the CPLB (partitioning coefficient of blade dry weight) under the condition of no fertil-izer.