推荐施肥对超高产夏玉米产量及经济效益的影响

摘要

Field experiment was conducted to study the effects of ASI recommended fertilization (ARF), superhigh -yielding experienced fertilization (SHF) and peasants' customary fertilization (PCF) on the leaf area index, biomass, plant nutrient accumulation, yield and economic benefit of superhigh - yielding summer maize. The results showed that fertilization could obviously increase maize yield by 9.50% - 18.84%. The maize yields in treatments ARF and SHF were not obviously different, but they were increased respectively by 6.62% and 8.53% in comparison with that in treatment PCF. The combined application of N, P and K fertilizer could significantly increase the leaf area index and biomass of summer maize, and promote the accumulation of N, P and K nutrient in the plants. ARF obtained the best net income and ration of output to input, and it had preferable yield - increasing and income - increasing effects on superhigh - yielding summer maize.%通过田间试验,研究了ASI法推荐施肥、超高产攻关田经验施肥和农民习惯施肥对超高产夏玉米叶面积指数、干物质积累、养分积累量及产量与经济效益的影响,结果表明:夏玉米施肥处理显著增产9.50％～18.84％；ASI法推荐施肥与超高产攻关田经验施肥的产量无显著差异,但均比农民习惯施肥显著增产,增产率分别为6.62％和8.53％；氮、磷、钾肥配施增加了夏玉米叶面积指数和生物重,促进了植株对氮、磷、钾养分的吸收积累.ASI法推荐施肥处理的纯收益和产投比最佳,对超高产夏玉米有较好的增产、增收效应.