不同时期更换产蛋饲料对鸡蛋壳与骨骼的影响

摘要

With the development of modern breeding technology, the production performance of laying hens is continually im-proved, their laying day-age goes ahead, and the duration from beginning of laying to laying peak becomes short.In order to study how to correctly replace growing feed with egg-laying feed, we divided the tested hens into 4 groups ( the growing feed of hens in groupⅠ,Ⅱ,ⅢandⅣwas replaced by egg-laying feed at 16-week age, and at average laying rate 5%, 50%and 50%, re-spectively) , and detected the effect of replacing with egg-laying feed in different periods on the egg shell quality of hens.Accord-ing to the daily egg-laying status, the hens in groupⅣwere further divided into 3 teams ( team A, B and C) , and the bone of hens in various teams was detected.The results showed that replacing with high-calcium egg-laying feed at 16-week age ( groupⅠ) did not lead to kidney disease, visceral gout, urate deposition and so on.Replacing with egg-laying feed at average laying rate 50%( groupⅢ) caused the reduction in egg shell quality at earlier stage, but it had no effect on egg shell quality 3 weeks later.In groupⅣ, replacing with egg-laying feed 2 weeks after the beginning of egg-laying could arouse serious sclerotin damage to bone especially long bone.Replacing with egg-laying feed at average laying rate 5%( groupⅡ) was the safest and most economical.%随着现代育种技术的不断进步，蛋鸡生产性能不断提高，开产日龄提前，进入产蛋高峰的时间变短，为研究如何正确将育成饲料更换产蛋饲料，试验将鸡群分为组Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ3组，检测不同时间更换产蛋饲料的对蛋壳质量的影响，组Ⅳ根据日均产蛋率60％换料时不同产蛋状况分为A、B、C 3组，检测各组对骨骼的影响。结果表明：组Ⅰ在16周龄换料并没有引起高钙饲料而导致肾病、内脏痛风和尿酸盐沉积等症，组Ⅲ因在鸡群50％产蛋率时更换产蛋料，前期可引起蛋壳质量下降，但换料后3周可恢复正常蛋壳质量。组Ⅳ不同组别试验中已开产2周后更换产蛋料可引骨骼尤其长骨严重的骨质损害，试验组Ⅱ在产蛋率5％时更换产蛋饲料最为安全和经济。