烤烟成苗期生化特性与烤后烟叶化学成分的关系研究

摘要

以7个不同基因型烤烟为供试材料，对成苗期的生化指标和烤后烟化学成分进行方差分析和逐步回归分析，建立了回归方程，结果表明：成苗期烟苗各项生化指标以及烤后烟叶化学成分含量在不同基因型烤烟中存在显著或极显著差异，基因型对烟叶各项化学指标起决定性作用；影响烤后烟叶碳水化合物含量的成苗期生化指标为根系活力和转化酶活性，但两者却未与双糖差达到相应的回归关系；影响烤后烟叶含氮化合物含量的主要因子有根系活力和可溶性总糖含量，可见，成苗期烟株根系活力的高低和碳代谢的强弱对烤后烟叶碳水化合物和含氮化合物的含量具有较大的影响。烤后烟叶钾含量、氯含量以及钾氯比的回归方程均达到极显著水平，主要影响因子为整株干重，但作用效果不同；整株干重对钾和氯含量起一定的负向效应，然而却对钾氯比值起极大的正向效应；烤烟的基因型决定了成苗期烟苗生化特性与烤后烟叶化学成分之间的差异，成苗期烟苗的生化特性通过影响移栽后烟株的生长发育和生理代谢，造成田间个体与群体难以达到协调统一，从而限制烤后烟叶化学成分的提升。加强苗期管理力度，在适当降低根系生长量的同时提高茎的横向生长量，加强烟苗整体素质、培育健壮烟苗，这在一定程度上有利于烤后烟叶化学成分的进一步提高。%Seven flue-cured tobacco genotypes were chosen as the experimental materials , and the relationship between the biochemical characteristics of tobacco seedlings and the chemical compositions of the baked tobacco leaves was studied through vari -ance analysis and stepwise regression analysis .The results indicated that there were significant or very significant differences in both various biochemical characteristics of tobacco seedlings and chemical compositions of the baked tobacco leaves among different geno -types, and the genotype of flue -cured tobacco played a decisive role on the chemical indexes of tobacco leaves .The biochemical indexes of tobacco seedlings which influenced the carbohydrate content in the baked tobacco leaves were root activity and invertase activity.The main biochemical indexes affecting the content of nitrogen -containing compound in the baked tobacco leaves were root activity and soluble total sugar content .The regression equations describing the relationship between the potassium content , chlorine content, potassium-chlorine ratio in the baked tobacco leaves and the biochemical indexes of tobacco seedlings all reached a very significant level , and their main influencing factor was dry matter weight of whole plant .The dry matter weight of the whole plant played certain negative effects on the contents of potassium and chlorine , but it had a great positive effect on the ratio of potassium to chlorine.The biochemical characteristics and chemical compositions were greatly different because of genotype .The biochemical characteristics of tobacco seedlings influenced the growth and development as well as the physiological metabolism of the field tobac -co plants, caused the individual difference in the field , and then limited the upgrade of chemical compositions in the baked tobacco leaves.So it was necessary for the upgrade of chemical compositions in the baked tobacco leaves to strengthen the management of to -bacco seedlings , promote the horizontal growth of tobacco stem , and improve the overall quality of tobacco seedlings .