长期施肥对红壤旱地有机碳、氮和磷的影响

摘要

通过长期田间定位实验研究了不同施肥处理对红壤旱地土壤养分库累积和养分供给的影响.研究结果表明:长期单施氮肥易造成土壤酸化和土壤磷库消耗;不施氮肥土壤的氮库会发生明显耗竭,导致土壤水溶性氮含量下降;施用磷肥土壤的速效磷含量有所增加;施用有机肥(猪粪)可以显著增加土壤氮库、磷库和碳库,并缓解土壤酸化;有机肥施用使土壤速效磷含量大幅度增加,可能会导致磷素流失风险.%The effects of different fertilization treatments on the accumulation and supply of organic carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus in upland red soil were studied through long-term field location tests. The results showed that:the long-term and sin-gle application of nitrogen fertilizer (urea)caused soil acidification and soil phosphorus pool depletion;the nitrogen pool and wa-ter-soluble nitrogen content in the soil without nitrogen application decreased obviously;the available phosphorus content in the soil with phosphorus fertilizer application increased to some extent;applying organic fertilizer (pig manure)could significantly in-crease soil nitrogen pool,phosphorus pool and carbon pool,and could mitigate soil acidification;but the application of organic fertilizer led to the substantial increase in soil available phosphorus content,which probably could cause the risk of phosphorus loss.