Based on the information of crop phenology (sowing time, growth duration, solar terms, and so on) recorded in the book "Qi Min Yao Shu", combined with the data of weather phenomena (such as frost and snow) recorded in other literatures, and the data of natural scientific evidences, through adopting the methods of ancient and modern comparison and quantitative analysis, we explored the characteristics of climate in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in the first half of the 6th century.The results indicated that: because the sowing time of crop was greatly affected by human factors, the characteristics of climate in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in the first half of the 6th century could not be speculated, but they could be speculated by such phenological information as crop growth duration, solar terms, and natural phenomenon.The growth durations of typical crops in this area in this era were longer than those in modern times, showing its relatively cold climatic characteristic.According to that the first frost appearance date recorded in "Qi Min Yao Shu" was about 10 d earlier than that in modern times, we inferred that: in this area in this era, the fall air temperature was maybe about 0.6 ℃ lower than that in modern times;the unusually cold events occurred once every 2.38 years in average, and every event lasted for a month or so.Through the comparison of the occurrence time of part meteorite cream events, the author inferred that the spring air temperature in the year of meteorite cream event occurrence was 1.0 ℃ lower at least than that in modern times.%基于《齐民要术》中农作物的播种时间、生长天数及相应节气等物候信息,通过古今对比法和定量分析法,并与其他文献记录的霜雪等天气现象资料和自然科学证据资料相结合,探究了6世纪上半叶黄河中下游地区的气候特点.研究表明:农作物播种时间受人为因素的影响大,不能推测出黄河中下游地区6世纪上半叶的气候特点,而依据农作物的生长天数、节气和自然现象等相关物候指示信息能够推断出该时期该地区气候的冷暖特征.典型农作物的生长天数较现代延长,说明该时期该地区的温度较现代要低,气候较现代呈偏冷的特点.通过记载的初霜日出现的时间较现代提前10 d左右,推断出该时期该地区秋季温度较现代可能低0.6 ℃左右,以及该时期异常冷事件平均每2.38年发生一次,且每次发生持续时间达1个月左右.同时与现代对比部分陨霜事件的发生时间,推断出陨霜事件发生年的春季气温较现代至少可能低1.0 ℃左右.
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