甜菜碱与植物抗逆性研究进展及其在草坪上的应用

摘要

Betaine,a kind of important osmotic regulation substances that is produced by plants under adverse stresses,can regulate cell osmotic pressure and maintain the integrity of structure and function of the cell membrane,enzyme and protein.As betaine plays a positive role on fighting against various abiotic stresses,researches on relationships between Glycine Betaine and plant stress resistance have great significance on plant production.However,not all plants can naturally generate and accumulate Glycine Betaine under stress.How to improve their resistance has become a hot topic of plant physiological research.This review summarized the relationship between betaine and plant resistance,listed numerous examples of successful application of exogenous betaine and genetic engineering to enhance plant stress tolerance.Meanwhile,research status and application prospect of Glycine betaine in turfgrass were evaluated.%甜菜碱是植物在逆境胁迫下自身产生的一种重要的渗透调节物质,它具有调节细胞渗透压和保持细胞膜、酶及蛋白质结构与功能完整性等生理作用.鉴于甜菜碱在植物对抗不良环境方面所发挥的巨大作用,研究甜菜碱与植物抗逆能力的关系,培养和选育抗逆植物,对于实际的作物生产具有重要的指导意义.然而,在生产实践中,并非所有的植物种类在受到环境胁迫时都能产生和积累足够的甜菜碱.因此,如何使这些植物具有抗逆能力并提高其抗逆能力,一直是国内外抗逆生理研究的热点问题.文章综述了甜菜碱与植物抗逆性的关系,例举了国内外通过基因工程和外源供给甜菜碱等方法提高植物抗性在实际生产中的成功应用,同时对甜菜碱在草坪草上的研究现状进行了分析并对其研究进行了展望.