苏联的远东移民政策与人口增长

摘要

The immigrants were a major source of population growth of the frontier regions of Russia. In the time of the Soviet Union, the remote and wild Far East incessantly received all sorts of immigrants through varied channels against the background of the Far East development, thereby realizing a constant increase of population. In 1991, the Far East’s population and its proportion in the total population of Russia both reached a peak in history. After the Soviet Union collapsed, the population in the Far East flowed out seriously day by day and the population declined continuously, forming a sharp contrast to the population in the period of the Soviet Union.%　　外来移民是边疆地区人口发展的重要来源。苏联时期，在东部大开发的背景下，偏僻、荒凉的远东地区通过多种方式源源不断地接纳各类移民，从而实现了人口的持续增长。1991年，远东人口数量及其在俄罗斯人口总数中所占比重均达到了历史高峰。苏联解体以后，远东地区人口外流日趋严重，人口数量逐年减少，与苏联时期形成鲜明的反差。