'九一八' 事变后国民政府派系之争下的中苏复交

摘要

中苏复交前后的中国政治,在"攘外必先安内"的旗帜下,存在两种类别的政治斗争:一种是派系之争;另一种则是政党之争."九一八"前后,在蒋介石那里,派系之争的重要性优先于政党之争. 随着国民政府面临的内外环境的变化,蒋所关注的重点亦有变化,这种变化的发生,取决于蒋本人对内外时局的考量和认识. 中苏复交问题与中国国内的这两种政治类别斗争存在密切关系. 宁粤对峙时期,一线外交人士所提出的对苏复交建议,对蒋的决策影响不大,而这只能从其派系之争的事实加以解释,此种事实落实到具体的政策上即为蒋所提出的"攘外必先安内". 剿共固然是蒋的固定策略,对苏复交亦一再推延,但在蒋那里,剿共仍属内务,复交是对外问题. 二者之间虽然存在关联,但前者的进行与后者的推进并没有被捆绑在一起.%Around the flag of Resisting Foreign Aggression after Stabilizing the Country, there are two kinds of political struggle, one is faction struggle and the other is political party struggle. Before and after the Mukden incident, the importance of faction struggle is prior to political struggle in Chang Kai-shek eyes. As the internal and external environment changing, What Chang Kai-shek pay attention to has changed too, which depends on his own understanding. Reestablish diplomatic relations between China and Soviet has close relationship with such two kinds of struggle. The suggestion of diplomats has little affect on Chiang Kai-shek's decision which can only be explained by the fact of faction struggle. Though Communist suppressing is unchanged policy, it is not been banded with the reestablish diplomatic relations between China and Soviet.