Objective To observe the effect of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) transplantation on expression of COX-2 mRNA in rats following spinal cord injury. Methods BMSCs were isolated and secondarily cultured. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group (group A, n=18), DMEM group (group B, n=27), and BMSCs group (group C, n=27). Rats in groups B and C were injected with BMSCs and DMEM after spinal cord injury. Expression of COX-2 mRNA and distribution of COX-2 protein in rat spinal cord tissue were detected by RT-PCR with immunofluorescence staining. Results The expression level of COX-2 mRNA was lower in group A than in groups B and C, and significantly higher in group C than in group B after BMSCs transplantation (P<0.01). Immunofluorescence staining showed that the COX-2 was expressed only in spinal cord blood vessels of group A and mainly expressed in spinal cord blood vessels and in a small number of neurons in ventral gray matter of groups B and C. Conclusion BMSCstransplantation can up-regulate the expression of COX-2 mRNA in rats after spinal cord injury.% 目的观察骨髓基质细胞(bone marrow stromal cells，BMSCs)移植对大鼠脊髓损伤后COX-2 mRNA表达的影响。方法分离培养BMSCs并传代。取Wistar雌性大鼠72只随机分为3组：A组18只(假手术组)、B组27只(细胞培养基对照组)和C组27只(BMSCs组)。B组和C组脊髓损伤后进行DMEM或BMSCs损伤周围区注射。应用RT-PCR法和免疫荧光方法检测损伤脊髓组织内COX-2 mRNA的表达及COX-2蛋白分布情况。结果 COX-2 mRNA在A组大鼠脊髓组织中低水平表达。脊髓损伤移植术后，C组COX-2 mRNA表达水平均显著高于相应时间点的B组(P＜0.01)。免疫荧光结果显示，A组COX-2仅表达于脊髓内的血管。脊髓损伤后，B组和C组COX-2表达分布则发生变化，主要见于损伤周围区脊髓内的血管和少数脊髓腹侧灰质内的神经元。结论 BMSCs移植能够增加脊髓损伤后COX-2 mRNA的表达。
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