结构实在论评析

摘要

曹天予提出的结构实在论知识论版本在科学哲学界有很大影响,并引发了<综合>期刊专刊讨论.他既批评反实在论的观点,也对结构实在论的知识版本与本体版本有所批判.他从结构、本体、建构这三个概念出发,论证了科学理论的客观性体现为建构性、历史性、整体性、修正性、革命性.本文对曹天予的结构实在论进行了系统的梳理与分析,赞同他对"不充分决定"论旨的批评,对他批评"本体论不连续性"持中立态度,但对他的"普遍语法论证"有所存疑.%The epistemological version of structural realism,proposed by Cao Tianyu,has great influence in the philosophy of science.Syntheses has published a special volume discussing the topic.Cao criticizes anti-realism,as well as the epistemic and ontic versions of structural realism.From the concepts of structure,ontology,and construction,he analyzes the objectivity of scientific theories as having five aspects:construction,historicity,holism,revision,and revolution.This paper systematically analyzes and comments on Cao's structural realism.The author agrees with his criticism of the under-determination thesis,is neutral to his argument against ontological discontinuity,and questions his universal language argument.