This essay aims to analyze the types of the historical plays during the War of Resistance Against Japan, reasons for the prosperity of this particular type of play and the historical background. The focus is put on the success of "the historical plays of uniting the chaotic country" by Guo Moruo, "the historical plays of the national crisis" by Aying and Yao Ke and "the historical plays of the peasant uprisings" by Yang Hansheng. The wartime left-wing writers showed great concern for the country and in their works, there are both the political implication of using the past to satirize the present and the complex humanistic feelings. More importantly, the double tragedies of the history and the humanity in these plays remarkably pushed the development of the art of tragedy in China.%在剧目统计的基础上,笔者重新分析了抗战时期历史剧的类型及其兴盛的时代因缘和史学背景,重点讨论了以郭沫若剧作为代表的"乱世整合史剧"、从阿英到姚克的"民族危亡史剧"、阳翰笙等人的农民起义史剧的成就,认为以左翼为主导的战时剧作家感时忧国的历史想象中,既有借古讽今的政治寓意也寄托着复杂的人文感怀,而其杰出之作则写出了历史与人性的双重悲剧,显著地推进了现代悲剧艺术在中国的发展.
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