Few three-dimensional (3D) models exist to study cell and molecular regulation of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). The aim of this thesis was to develop a 3D in vitro model to study mechanical loading of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLF). hPDLF were seeded within collagen gels and characterized in that environment. The collagen gel supported cell proliferation, viability, and the emergence of a possible contractile phenotype, replicating the constrained condition of the human PDL in vivo. A 3D model was then developed which incorporated a space for the collagen gel and movable end plates which promoted mechanical interlocking with the collagen gel. These movable end plates allowed for static tensile or compressive loading of the hPDLF-seeded collagen gels. This 3D model mimicked PDL strains similar to those observed during OTM, and can be used for future studies to improve our understanding of the effects of OTM on PDL fibroblasts.
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