Martin Heidegger und die Sprache: Aufriss mit Texthinweisen und Kommentar.

摘要

This dissertation focuses on Heideggeis view of the phenomenon of Language. It seeks out, elucidates and references the pertinent passages in which Heidegger directly addresses the question of language. The inquiry proceeds chronologically, beginning with Prolegomena zur Geschichte des Zeitbegriffs, 1924, and concludes with "Der Fehl heileger Namen" (1974). The language phenomenon is subdivided into nine particular aspects which are frequently singled out by Heidegger himself in the course of his varied approaches to the topic. The selection and discussion of these is presented in Chapter form. Each chapter is prefaced with a brief introduction and includes an appended complete list of textual references examined in that chapter. My work wants to offer above all a systematic unfolding and clarification of this recurrent theme, so crucial to Heidegger's thought. The purpose is not to present an argument for or against Heidegger's views but rather to gather and discuss selected passages objectively and to encourage the reader to return to the original texts for further scrutiny.;The first chapter examines the author's understanding of language as a general phenomenon of man's essential, cognitive cor-respondence (die Seinsentsprechung) with being. It traces the increasingly more commanding role attributed to language by Heidegger in the course of his philosophic journey: from mediating man's understanding and articulating his innerworldly experience, to a truth-engendering matrix empowered by being itself. With the second chapter the focus is narrowed from language as a total event to its constituent aspects of speaking (das Sprechen), saying (das Sagen), and talking (das Reden). Heidegger addresses this aspect of language more frequently than any other. Speaking remains a more generic term, while the other two synonyms are used by Heidegger to denote the more fundamental pre-linguistic silent articulation of understanding. The third chapter concentrates on the sigetic character of man's encounter with the world (das Fragen), which Heidegger considers to be the appropriate posture of existential and philosophic thinking. Chapter four outlines the vocative gesture of language (das Rufen und Heissen), such as the silent call of conscience as well as the summons to thought and to speech. Chapter five is focussed on references to the circularity of hermeneutic inquiry and to the value and nature of translation and textual interpretation. Chapter six follows Heidegger's reflections on the wisdom and power of the word (das Wort) and the epiphanic action of naming (das Nennen, Heissen und beim Namen rufen). Chapter eight relates the essentializing function of language within the emanation of truth-in-being (Ereignis). Chapter nine concludes the unfolding of the language phenomenon with an examination of passages on the poetics of language and its proximity to thought (Dichten und Denken).;The conclusion outlines Heidegger's ever widening and deepening vision of the phenomenon of language, which precipitates an early reorientation of this vision from language as a function of man to man as a function of language in the service of being.