Assessing the Effectiveness of Wind Power and Cogeneration for Carbon Management of Electric Power Systems.

摘要

Climate change is an important environmental issue that may have significant adverse impacts on human welfare. Consequently, prudent actions are needed immediately to control the emissions of CO2, the main contributing greenhouse gas for climate change. Since electric power generation is a location specific and intensive source of CO2 emissions, focusing on reductions in this sector can have relatively rapid and significant effects on overall CO2 levels. In this context, this thesis makes three principal contributions.;Second, a stochastic decision support model that can be used for operational decision making of a wind power plant (WPP) and a compressed air energy storage system (CAES) that jointly participate in a day ahead electricity market is developed. This model inherently takes the uncertainty of wind and market price of electricity and derives the optimal operating rules that maximize profits of the WPP and CAES system.;Third, the role of cogeneration for carbon management is evaluated utilizing a mass and energy balance model and engineering economic analysis. By using cogeneration for satisfying the energy demands of the oils sands operations in Alberta as an example case, this work further examines the arbitrary characteristics of facility and product based carbon emissions control regulations.;Contributions of this thesis are intended to support efficient climate change mitigation policy making.;First, the effectiveness of wind power for carbon management of electric power systems is assessed. Wind power is considered as a critical technology to produce electricity without CO2 emissions. However, wind power is a variable source of electricity and power systems operated with wind power must ensure system reliability by firming wind variations. In this work, using the Alberta electric system as a case study, the effectiveness of wind power for carbon management is assessed taking the ancillary costs and emissions associated with firming wind power variation into account. Operations of the Alberta electric system with different levels of wind penetration are simulated using dispatch models that have sufficient resolution to capture the dynamics of wind variations. The main result of this work is a set of carbon abatement supply curves.