声明
Acknowledgments
Abstract
摘要
Contents
Chapter One Introduction
1.1 Ecological Issues in Steinbeck’s The Pearl
1.2 Literature Review
1.3 Originality and organization of the thesis
Chapter Two A Brief Introduction to Ecocriticism
2.1 Definition of Ecocriticism
2.2 The Origin and Development of Ecocriticism
2.3 The Features of Latest Ecocriticism
Chapter Three Sources of Steinbeck’s Ecological Thoughts
3.1 The Influence of His Family and Reading
3.2 The Impact of Nature and Outdoor Activities
3.3 The Friendship with Edward Ricketts
Chapter Four Steinbeck’s Ecological Awareness in The Pearl
4.1 Natural Ecological Awareness in The Pearl
4.1.1 Unity of Man and Nature
4.1.2 Animism
4.2 Social Ecological Awareness in The Pearl
4.2.1 Social Ecology in the Story
4.3 The Spiritual Ecological Awareness in The Pearl
4.3.1 Egotism:human loss of self
4.3.2 Individual Destruction and Return with a Harmonious Self
Chapter Five Conclusion
Works Cited
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