反应性防紫外线功能染料的制备和应用

摘要

Right amount of UV radiation is beneficial to human health, but chronic exposure toultraviolet light will cause great harm to human body.Along with the rapid development ofmodern industry, environment pollution is getting serious, subsequently the ozone layer alsobecomes thinner, so the ultraviolet light increase abundantly in the earth's surface, which arousedpeople's great attention.In textile areas, research on ultraviolet-prevention fabric may also be animportant issue.
　　The traditional ways to improve ultraviolet-prevention of fabric are mainly through the fabriccoating or finishing, which not only affects the fabric color and handle, but also extends finishingprocess and wastes energy.The purpose of this paper is to prepare reactive dyes containingultraviolet absorbing properties, with which dying the fabric accompanied by improving it'sultraviolet prevention ability.
　　This paper involved several aspects, characteristics of UVDH absorbing UV spectrum werestudied, eactive dyes which can complement with UVDH in absorbing UV spectrum were selected.Through the different proportion, yellow, red and blue a total of six functional anti-UV reactivedyes were prepared.Optimum process were obtained through study on the applicationperformance of functional dyes.
　　Synthesize triazine UV absorbers and then complex with reactive dyes to make out functionaldyes with red,yellow and blue three diffirent colours.Use cotton fabrics to do the dip performanceand technology research.
　　The continuous dyeing process was studied with the reactive functional dye in thisarticle.Theinfluence factors such as salt consumption, alkali agent, fixing temperature and time was analyzedand the optimum dyeing craf was obtained.The index was tested, such as K/S, fastness and otherindicators of the dyed fabric.Compared with dyed fabric by commen dyes, Fabrics dyed withfunctional dyes have better light fastness.Besides, it's rubbing fastness, color fastness toperspiration and anti-soaping fastness are also on a good level.
　　Cotton were dyed with the prepared dyes, the application of dyes and anti-UV properties ofthe dyed fabric are tested.The UPF value of undyed fabric was 4.4, and the UPF value of fabriesdyed with yellow, red and blue dyes were between 70～90 mostly, showing good anti-UVproperties..Compared with the fabrics dyed with commen active dyes, fabrics dyed with functionanti-ultraviolet reactive dyes can realy improve UV absorbent properties of fabric.According toChinese evaluation eriteria of UV resistant fabric, it belongs to anti-UV fabric products when itsUPF＞30 and T(UV-A)＜5％.Fabrics dyed with function anti-ultraviolet reactive dyes can not onlymeet the standards, but also have a better effect of UV protection.

目录

声明

1 前言

1．1 紫外线及其对人体的影响

1．1．1 太阳光线的组成及划分

1．1．2 紫外线对人体的影响

1．2 纺织品对紫外线的防护及其影响因素

1．2．1 纺织纤维品种的影响

1．2．2 织物结构的影响

1．2．3 染色色泽的影响

1．2．4 织物加工的影响

1．3 提高织物防紫外线辐射性能的途径

1．3．1 提高织物对紫外线的反射能力

1．3．2 提高织物对紫外线的吸收能力

1．4 适用于织物防紫外线加工的整理剂

1．4．1 无机类紫外线屏蔽剂

1．4．2 有机类紫外线吸收剂

1．4．3 聚合物型紫外吸收剂与光稳定剂

1．5 防紫外线整理剂的复配研究进展

1．6 防紫外线纺织品的加工技术

1．6．1 高温高压吸尽法

1．6．2 常温常压吸尽法

1．6．3 浸轧或轧堆法

1．6．4 涂层法

1．6．5 纺入法

1．7 染料对紫外线的吸收性能及防紫外线功能染料

1．7．1 染料对紫外线的吸收

1．7．2 防紫外线功能染料的制备途径

1．7．3 防紫外线染料的发展和研究现状

1．8 染色织物的相关染色牢度及其评价

1．8．1 耐皂洗色牢度

1．8．2 耐摩擦色牢度

1．8．3 耐汗渍色牢度

1．8．4 耐光色牢度

1．9 纺织品防紫外线性能评价

1．10 本论文研究的意义

2 基本原理

2．1 纺织品防紫外线原理

2．1．1 纺织品对紫外线的反射和折射作用

2．1．2 纺织品对紫外线的吸收作用

2．2 反应性防紫外线染料的复配原理

2．2．1 活性染料染色机理

2．2．2 反应性防紫外线整理剂与纤维素的反应机理

2．3 颜色和色差

2．3．1 染色深度及计算

2．3．2 色差及色差计算

3 试验材料、仪器、设备和方法

3．1 试验材料和仪器、设备

3．1．1 试验织物

3．1．2 试验仪器和设备

3．1．3 主要染化料

3．2 试验方法

3．2．1 防紫外线功能染料的整理工艺试验

3．2．2 活性染料的筛选

3．3 测试与评定

3．3．1 UVDH整理织物和染色织物的紫外线透过率测定

3．3．2 纺织品颜色和色差的测试

3．3．3 耐摩擦色牢度的测试

3．3．4 耐皂洗色牢度的测试

3．3．5 耐汗渍色牢度的测试

3．3．6 耐光色牢度的测试

4 结果和讨论

4．1 纯棉织物组织结构对防紫外线整理效果的影响

4．2 紫外线吸收剂UVDH的最佳工艺研究

4．2．1 UVDH整理剂用量对织物防紫外线效果的影响

4．2．2 盐用量对织物UPF值的影响

4．2．3 碱用量对织物UPF值的影响

4．2．4 固着温度对织物UPF值的影响

4．2．5 固着时间对织物UPF的影响

4．3 染料的筛选

4．4 防紫外线功能染料的制备

4．4．1 不同比例的防紫外线整理剂与活性黄染料的复配性能研究

4．4．2 不同比例的防紫外线整理剂与活性红染料的复配性能研究

4．4．3 不同比例的防紫外线整理剂与活性蓝染料的复配性能研究

4．5 防紫外线功能染料的应用

4．5．1 盐用量对防紫外线功能染料染色性能的影响

4，5．2 碱用量对防紫外线功能染料染色性能的影响

4．5．3 固色温度对防紫外线功能染料染色性能的影响

4．5．4 固色时间对防紫外线功能染料染色性能的影响

4．6 防紫外线功能染料与普通活性染料染色牢度的比较

4．6．1 防紫外线功能染料与普通活性染料耐摩擦色牢度的比较

4．6．2 防紫外线功能染料的耐皂洗色牢度研究

4．6．3 防紫外线功能染料与普通活性染料耐汗渍色牢度研究的比较

4．6．4 防紫外线功能染料与普通活性染料耐光色牢度的比较

5 结论

参考文献

7 附录 染料溶液的紫外线透过率图

攻读学位期间论文发表情况

致谢