Effect of Polysulfonamide/Cotton Ratio Variation on Flame Retardant and Mechanical Properties of Core Spun Yarn and Blended Yarn

摘要

The textile and its allied industries have had its research focus on ways of alleviating the risks and losses posed by uncontrolled fires.Textiles have been chemically modified to impart flame/fire retardancy (FR) properties and also studies have been done on inherently FR fibres. This research focuses on Polysulfonamide (PSA) fibre, an inherently FR fibre developed by Shanghai Textile Research Institute and Shanghai Synthetic Fibre Research Institute.The
　　purpose of this research is to study ways of incorporating PSA into yarns that will utilize the benefits of the PSA fibre while compensating for its limitations.The 100％ PSA yarn and five different percentage variations of PSA/cotton blended yarns were produced by ring spinning. The blending methods were intimate blending and core spinning, with cotton yarns being used as core and PSA fibres as sheath.The tensile, evenness, hairiness and FR properties of these yarns together with the blending methods were studied and compared.The results showed that the blended yam yielded better tensile and hairiness properties whereas the core spun yarn had better
　　evenness and flame retardancy properties.
　　Basic structured fabrics were then knitted from 100％ PSA yam, PSA/cotton blended and PSA/cotton core spun yarns with 85/15, 70/30 PSA/cotton ratios.The burst strength, abrasion resistance, air permeability, water vapour permeability, and flame retardant properties of the knitted fabrics were investigated and compared.The result showed good but reduced burst strength, air permeability and flame retardant properties with reduction in ratio of PSA.However
　　the abrasion resistance and water vapour permeability was increased with the increase in cotton ratio.Core spun yarn fabrics had better air permeability and flame retardant properties whereas the blended yarn fabrics performed better in burst strength, abrasion resistance and water vapour permeability properties.

目录

声明

ABSTRACT

Dedications

ACKNOWLEGEMENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1．1 Polysulfonamide(PSA)fibres

1．1．1 Properties of PSA

1．2 Properties of FR Fibres

1．2．1 Meta-aramid

1．2．2 Para-aramid

1．2．3 Fluorocarbon fibres(PTFE)

1．2．4 Polyphenylene sulfide fibres PPS

1．2．5 Melamine：Basofil

1．2．6 Polybenzimidazole fibre PBI(Celanese)

1．2．7 Polyimide fibre(PI)

1．3 Blended yarn properties

1．3．1 Thermal properties of FR blends

1．4 Flame retardancy in textiles

1．4．1 Thermal behaviour of fibres

1．4．3 Requirements for FR fibres

1．5 Objectives and content of thesis

1．5．1 Blending

1．5．2 Blend ratio

1．5．3 Blending systems

1．5．4 Chemical finishing

CHAPTER 2 SPINNING SYSTEM AND PREPERATION OF SAMPLES

2．1 Fibre properties

2．1．1 Tensile properties

2．1．2 Fibre fineness and length

2．1．3 Moisture regain

2．2 Preparation for Spinning

2．2．1 Blend composition

2．2．2 Process flow and activities

2．2．3 Carding

2．2．4 Drawing frames androving frames

2．3 Spinning

2．4 Drafting arrangement and roller settings

2．5 Knitting

2．6 Finishing

CHAPTER 3 YARN TESTING ANDPROPERTIES

3．1 Test procedures

3．1．1 Yarn tensile properties

3．1．2 Yarn evenness

3．1．3 Yarn hairiness

3．1．4 Yarn FR properties

3．1．5 Thermogravimetry analysis(TGA)

3．2 Results and discussion

3．2．1 Tensile Properties

3．2．2 Evenness

3．2．3 Hairiness

3．2．4 Flame Retardant (FR) Properties

3．2．5 Thermogravimetric Analysis(TGA)

3．3 Conclusions

CHAPTER 4 FABRIC TESTING AND PROPERTIES

4．1 Test procedures

4．1．1 Burst strength

4．1．2 Abrasion resistance

4．1．3 Air permeability

4．1．4 Water vapour permeability

4．1．5 FR properties

4．1．6 The Limiting Oxygen Index(LOI)

4．2 Results and Discussion

4．2．1 Burst Strength

4．2．2 Abrasion Resistance

4．2．3 Air Permeability

4．2．4 Water Vapour Permeability

4．2．5 Flame Retardant Properties

4．2．6 Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) analysis

4．3 Conclusions

CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

APPENDIX