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结构主义叙事学视野下《高兴》与《嘉莉妹妹》比较研究

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Chapter One Introduction

1.1 Jia Pingwa and Theodore Dreiser

1.2 Gao Xing and Sister Carrie

1.3 Literature Review

1.3.1 Literature Review of Gao Xing

1.3.2 Literature Review of Sister Carrie

1.3.3 Literature Review of Comparative Studies upon the Two Novels

1.4 The Structure of the Thesis

Chapter Two The Foundations of the Comparative Study

2.1 The Similarities between the Two above Novelists

2.2 The Similarities between the Two above Novels

2.2.1 Similar Settingg Metropolis Life during Transitional Period

2.2.2 Similar Status of the Protagonists

Chapter Three Structuralist Narratology and Tzvetan Todorov

3.1 Structuralist Narratology and Its Basic Assumptions

3.2 Tzvetan Todorov'S Narrative Theory

3.2.1 A Panorama View of Tzvetan Todorov’S Narrative Theory

3.2.2 The Contributions and Significances of Tzvetan Todorov's Narrative Theory

3.2.3 Summary of Todorov’S Narrative Theory

3.2.4 The Implementations of Todorov’s Narrative Theory upon the Comparative Study of Novels

Chapter Four A Comparative Study of the Two Novels from the Perspective of Structuralist Narratology

4.1 The Hypothesis of Narrative Syntaxes in Gao Xing and Sister Carrie

4.2 The Analysis of Narrative Syntax in Gao Xing:“Seek--Never Get Happiness”

4.2.1 To Seek Vainly for an Identity of City Resident

4.2.2 To Seek Vainly for Someone Who Owns One of the Protagonist’s Kidneys

4.2.3 To Seek Vainly for an Ideal Wife

4.2.4 Summary

4.3.The Analysis of Narrative Syntax in Sister Carrie:“Seek—Get—Lose Happiness”

4.3.1 To Seek Vainly for an Honest Living in the City

4.3.2 To Seek Vainly for a Comfortable Life in the City

4.3.3 To Seek Vainly for a Decent Marriage in the City

4.3.4 To Seek Vainly for Self-fulfillment on the Stage

4.3.5 Summary

4.4 The Affinity of Narrative Syntaxes between Gao Xing and Sister Carrie

4.4.1 The Common Narrative Mode Shared by the Two Novels

4.4.2 A Denial and Negative of the Traditional Pursuit Pattern

4.5 A Sense of Drifting in the City Life Reflected from Both the Narrative Syntaxes

Chapter Five Conclusion

Bibliography

攻读硕士学位期间取得的学术成果

Acknowledgements

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摘要

本论文运用结构主义叙事学相关理论对中国当代作家贾平凹的《高兴》和美国二十世纪小说家西奥多·德莱赛的《嘉莉妹妹》两部小说进行平行比较研究。
   《高兴》与《嘉莉妹妹》有着相似的历史文化背景,即农业社会向工业社会转变的历史文化转型期;在相似的社会转型期,两部小说分别叙述了有着相似身份的主人公人物一刘高兴和嘉莉。在工业化与城市化的冲击下,刘高兴和嘉莉都选择离开家乡农村到大都市谋生。本论文的主旨就在于探讨社会转型期从农村到城市谋求生存的主人公在都市生活中的命运轨迹。
   在平行比较和深入分析的基础之上,本论文运用结构主义叙事学创始人茨威坦·托多洛夫的叙事语法理论研究了两部小说相似的叙述结构:两部作品中两位主人公在都市生活中憧憬、追求、却最终无法得到自己所梦想的幸福,注定在都市里漂泊。在《高兴》和《嘉莉妹妹》中,中美两位小说家都围绕主人公在都市的幸福追寻来展开叙事,通过否定传统“追求-得到”的叙事模式来展现主人公在都市生活中的命运轨迹,反映了社会转型期到城市谋生的主人公的心路历程与精神漂泊,呈现出中美文学在社会转型期的某种契合。同时,通过对两部小说叙事结构的解读阐发了一个事实,即不同国家在特定历史时期演绎着相同的社会发展规律及矛盾。

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