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相声幽默的语用研究

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文摘

英文文摘

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Chapter one Introduction

1.1 Introduction

1.2 The rationale of the present study

1.3 The problems of the existing studies

1.4 The objectives of the present study

1.5 Methodology

1.6 Outline of the thesis

Chapter Two A Review of the Relevant Literature

2.1 Introduction

2.2 The study on crosstalk by crosstalk authors

2.2.1 The relevant terms of the crosstalk

2.2.2 The study on the structure of crosstalk

2.2.3 The study on the humor techniques in crosstalk languages

2.2.4 The study on the form of dialogue of crosstalk

2.3 The study on crosstalk in linguistic field

2.4 The present study

2.5 Summary

Chapter Three Description of the Conceptual Framework

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Verschueren's Adaptation Theory

3.3 Relevance theory

3.4 A description of the framework

3.5 Summary

Chapter Four Humor Building in Crosstalk at Discourse Level and Analysis of Its Adaptation

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Humor building at the level of discourse structure

4.2.1 Discourse structure of crosstalk

4.2.2 Humor building at the level of discourse structure

4.3 Three elements to which humor building at discourse level adapts

4.3.1 Adaptation to communicative intention of the crosstalk author

4.3.2 Adaptation to popular life experience

4.3.3 Adaptation to universal cognitive psychology

4.4 Summary

Chapter Five Humor Building of Crosstalk at Sub-Discourse Level And the Analysis of Its Adaptation

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Hunor strategies at the sub-discourse level

5.2.1 False conventional implicatures

5.2.2 Self-contradictory pragmatic intents

5.2.3 Deliberate misinterpretation

5.2.4 False presupposition

5.3 Adaptation analyses of humor building at the sub-discourse level in crosstalk

5.3.1 Adaptation to the psychology world of the expected audience

5.3.2 Adaptation to the topic of a crosstalk

5.4 Summary

Chapter Six Humor Building by the Speech Acts of the Two Actors and Analysis of Adaptation

6.1 Introduction

6.2 The speech acts of the two actors in the humor building

6.2.1 Creating suspense vs. fostering suspense

6.2.2 Preparing the prerequisite for the laughingstock vs. aiding preparation

6.2.3 Creating a false impression vs. misguiding the audience

6.2.4 Revealing the truth vs. strengthening the effect or clarifying

6.3 Adaptational analysis of the speech acts performed by the two actors

6.3.1 Adaptation to human cognitive psychology

6.3.2 Adaptation to Audience's Life Experience

6.4 Conclusion

Chapter Seven Conclusion

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Summary of findings

7.3 Limitations of this study

7.4 Suggestions for future research

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摘要

相声是我国特殊的民族艺术形式,是具有喜剧风格的语言艺术,它以幽默诙谐的语言褒贬生活,使人们在笑声中得到教益和启示。笑声是相声的命根子,不能让人发笑的相声就不能称之为相声。因此研究相声重在研究相声幽默。 本文研究聚焦“一头沉”故事体类型的相声,以文本相声为语料,认为文本相声是相声作者与预想观众间交际的产物,旨在研究具有不同意识程度的相声作者是如何构建好的相声幽默的。本文从语用学角度对语料进行定性分析。以维索尔伦的语言顺应论为指导建立了本文的理论框架,试图借助非语言因素来解释语言现象,为相声幽默的研究提供一条新的途径。 相声作者是从相声语篇层面、相声语篇层面以下层面、具体表现为语篇结构、包袱制造、语言输出方式,相声捧逗言语功能分工与合作上进行语言策略以及具体语言的选择,来构建相声幽默的。这三大相声幽默构成要素的语言策略与具体语言的运用体现了相声语言的差异性。而最终是否能写出令观众发笑的相声,取决于预想观众,这体现了语言的协商性。 相声作者根据语境从可行的语言资源中进行语言选择。使观众感受到相声幽默从而发笑成为可能,这体现了语言的顺应性。以上相声幽默构成的三要素顺应的语境因素分为:顺应心理因素(包括相声作者的交际意图、幽默的认知心理、尊重需要);顺应社会因素(主要指生活经验)。

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