文摘
英文文摘
独创性声明及学位论文版权使用授权书
Acknowledgements
Chapter One Introduction
§1.1.Background of the current research
§1.2.A comparison of characteristics between formative and summative assessment
§ 1.3.Significance of the study
Chapter Two Formative assessment: a brief literature review
§ 2.1.Overview of western assessment development
§ 2.2.Overview of assessment in China
Chapter Three Theoretical base and methodology of the research
§3.1. Advantages of formative assessment
§ 3.2. Ways of assessment :how to carry out formative assessment?
3.2.1.Self-assessment
3.2.2. Pelf-assessment
3.2.3. Teacher-assessment
3.2.4. Collaboration-assessment
§ 3.3.Tools and techniques of formative assessment
3.3.1.Observation
3.3.2. Student portfolios
3.3.3. Socrates conferences
3.3.4. Questionnaires, interviews, journals, etc
3.3.5.Tests
§ 3.4. Feedback of formative assessment
3.4.1. Characteristics of effective feedback
3.4.2. Art of conducting feedback
§ 3.5. Guidelines for enhancing formative assessment
Chapter Four The application of formative assessment to aiding students in EFL in vocational college —— An Action Research
§ 4.1. Introduction
§ 4.2. Action Research Defined
§ 4.3. Class description
§ 4.4. Problem identification
§ 4.5. Hypotheses
§ 4.6. Analysis of questionnaire 1
§ 4.7. Restatement of the problem and hypothesis
§ 4.8. Rationale
§ 4.9. Planned actions
§ 4.10. Data collection
§ 4.11. Report on the implementation of the 10-week plan
§ 4.12. Results analysis
§ 4.13.Reflections
Chapter Five Problems and perspectives
§ 5.1.The potential problems of formative assessment
§5.2. Perspective of formative assessment
Chapter Six Conclusion
References
Appendix