从时态的人际功能看布什和克里第一场总统竞选电视辩论的人际意义

摘要

本文旨在国内外研究的基础上，以韩礼德的系统功能语法，话语分析及语用学等理论为依托，从时态层面系统分析布什和克里2004年美国大选电视辩论，以期通过个案分析，找出电视政治辩论中实现人际意义的时态手段。时态不仅能实现维护说话者地位、吸引听众并与其建立良好关系等常规人际意义，还能充分体现政治语篇中特有的人际意义，如反映该语篇中说话者的多重目的，揭示说话者在树立权威的同时，又要尽量与听众拉近距离的矛盾等。本文除了引言和结束语外共分四章。第一章介绍国内外系统功能语法中有关时态的人际功能，对本文的研究对象作以限定。其中主要包括三个部分：1．现在、过去、将来时间的各种表达，2．系统功能语法中的人际功能，3．时态在人际功能中的表现。第二章介绍政治语篇的特点：1．公开发言的语篇特点，2．政治辩论语篇的特点。第三章、作为演讲语篇中最常使用的两种时态，详细研究一般现在时和过去时的人际意义。第四章是全文的重点，具体结合语料个案，主要分为两个部分：1．在现在时和过去时之间转换的人际意义；2．对电视辩论中涉及的不同话题所采用的不同时态，以及布什和克里就同一话题所采用的不同时态进行分析。

目录

声明

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

英文文摘

摘 要

前 言

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Literature review

1.2 About the thesis

1.2.1 The aim of the thesis

1.2.2 The research methods of the thesis

1.2.3 The structure of the thesis

Chapter 2 Theoretical Framework

2.1 Interpersonal metafunction

2.1.1 The concept of interpersonal metafunction

2.1.2 Interaction in the clause

2.2 English tenses

2.2.1 Time and tense

2.2.2 The interpersonal meanings of English tenses

2.2.3 Pragmatic interpretation of English tenses

2.3 English tenses and the interpersonal metafunction

2.4 Concluding remarks

Chapter 3 Features of Political Speeches

3.1 Features of public speeches

3.2 Features of political speeches

3.3 The functional approach

Chapter 4 Interpersonal Meanings of Two Types of Tense

4.1 Scope of tenses to be studied in the thesis

4.2 The interpersonal meanings of the simple present tense

4.2.1 Reference to present time

4.2.2 Reference to nonpresent time

4.3 The interpersonal meanings of the past tense

4.3.1 The past tense expressing a mild tone

4.3.2 The affective meanings of the past tense

4.4 Concluding remarks

Chapter 5 The interpersonal Meanings of Tenses in the First Bush-Kerry Presidential Debate

5.1 The interpersonal meanings arising from shifts between the past tense and the simple present tense

5.1.1 The interpersonal functions of the tense shift on the sentence level

5.1.2 The interpersonal functions of the tense shift on the discourse level

5.2 The interpersonal functions of finite tenses

5.3 The interpersonal meanings arising from Bush-Kerry's choices of different tenses

5.3.1 The interpersonal meanings arising from comparison among the simple present tense, the simple past tense and the present perfective in the debate

5.3.2 The interpersonal meanings arising from comparison among the simple present tense, the simple past tense and the progressive aspect in the debate

5.3.3 The interpersonal meanings arising from comparison of expressions of future time

5.4 Concluding remarks

Chapter 6 Conclusion

6.1 Main findings

6.2 Limitations and suggestions for further study

Reference

Appendix