A Comparative Study of Definitions in English and Chinese Lexicography--a CASE Study of Verbs of Hand Movement in Ccd5 and Oald7

摘要

在词典的微观结构中，释义是其中的核心部分。动词的释义也一直在词典编纂研究中备受关注。手部动词是动词中从意义角度划分出来的一个重要小类。“手部动作”是人类共同的、重要的改造自然和社会的工具;是人和人之间进行交流的方法和途径之一。它是指人们以手为工具，为达到不同目的而做出的各种动作。英汉语中都有丰富的手部动词。这类动词都具有用手直接或间接接触事物的语义特征。本文首先对语言词典的类型和结构进行了阐述，然后从语义理论入手讨论了词典释义的原则与方法。接着以《现代汉语词典》（第五版）与《牛津高阶学习词典》（第七版）两本词典为研究对象，以手部动词释义为切入点，通过随机选取部分动词在两本词典中释义的对比分析，总结分析了英语词典和汉语词典释义的相同点与不同点，着重从简洁性、语义完整性、句法一致性、相互替代性和原型效应等指出了两种词典释义模式和方法的优劣。这项研究从一个新的视角为我们更好地理解手部动词以及更好地学习语言提供了一个理论依据。

目录

声明

摘要

Abstract

Contents

Abbreviations for the Consulted Dictionaries

List of Tables and Diagrams

Introduction

Chapter 1 Dictionary Typology and Structures

1．1 Different Types of Dictionaries

1．1．1 Monolingual Dictionaries and Bilingual Dictionaries

1．1．2 Synchronic Dictionaries and Diachronic Dictionaries

1．1．3 Foreign Learners’ and Native Speakers’ Dictionaries

1．2 The Structures of Dictionaries

1．2．1 Macro-and Microstructure

12．2 Text，Access，Distribution structure

Chapter 2 Lexicographic Definitions Principles and Methods

2．1 Semantic Theories in Dictionary Definition

2．1．1 Semantic field theory

2．1．2 Componential Analysis

2．1．3 Prototype Theory

2．2 Principles of Dictionary Definition

2．2．1 Simplicity

2．2．2 Close Loop

2．2．3 Avoidance of Circular Definition

2．2．4 Correspondence of Syntactic Function

2．2．5 Suitability for the User

2．3 Methods of Dictionary Definition

2．3．1 Paraphrase

2．3．2 Standard Definition

2．3．3 Ostensive Definition

2．3．4 Natural Sentence Definition

Chapter 3 A Comparative Analysis of Definitions of Hand Verbs in OALD7 and CCD5

3．1 General Features of OALD7 and CCD5

3．2 Categorization of English and Chinese Hand Verbs

3．3 Comparative Analysis of Hand Verbs

3．3．1 Lexical Simplicity

3．3．2 Semantic Completeness

3．3．3 Syntactic Correspondence

3．3．4 Mutual Substitution

3．3．5 Prototypical Effect

Conclusion

Bibliography

Acknowledgements

攻读硕士学位期间主要的研究成果目录