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从多元系统理论角度看五四前后的外国文学翻译

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Acknowledgements

1. Introduction

1.1 The research scope of the thesis

1.2 The research approach of the thesis

1.3 The current researches on literature translation around the May 4th Movement

2. Introduction of“Polysystem Theory”

2.1 A brief account of“polysystem theory”

2.2 “Polysystem theory” as a new approach to literature translation studies in China

2.3 The extension of“polysystem theory” by “manipulation studies” and“descriptive translation studies”

3. A General Survey of Literature Translation around the May 4th Movement

3.1 The historical background of the literature translation during the period

3.2 The development and characteristics of the literature translation around the May 4th Movement

3.2.1 The improvement of the genres of translated literature

3.2.2 The development of literary consciousness

3.2.3 The transformation of Translation methods and the debate between free translation and literal translation

3.2.4 The great influences on the styles of Chinese new literature

3.3 Some representative translators and their translation theories

4. A Survey of Literature Translation around the May 4th Movement from“Polysystem Theory”

4.1 Mutual influences between ideology and literature translation

4.2 Translation norms influenced by ideology

4.2.1 Preliminary norms around the May 4th Movement

4.2.2 Initial norms around the May 4th Movement

4.2.3 Operational norms around the May 4th Movement

4.3 The translated literary repertoire and the canonicity around the May 4th Movement

4.3.1 The conservative literary repertire and the static canonicity before the May 4th Movement

4.3.2 The innovative literary repertoire and the dynamic canonicity after the May 4th Movement

4.4 Reflections on the deficiencies ofpolysystem theory

5. Conclusion

Bibliography

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摘要

该论文的基本理论框架是佐哈的多元系统理论,辅之以操纵学派代表勒菲维尔的意识形态观和描写学派代表图里的翻译规范理论.在这一理论框架中,翻译文学系统被视为文化多元系统的一个部分,它的行为模式有时与它在整个文化多元系统中的位置有关:它处于中心时,会参与创造革新的一级模式,而不惜打破本国文化的传统规范;处于边缘时,就套用本国文化保守的二级模式.而翻译文学系统在文化多元系统中的运作方式、地位和作用都是受制于翻译文学的并存系统——意识形态和翻译规范的.换句话说,意识形态制约着翻译规范,也操纵着翻译文学的经典性.五四前后的翻译文学经历了从中国文学系统的边缘走向中心的一个特殊过程.该文概述了当时外国文学翻译的发展及特点:翻译文学体裁日益完善;文学意识逐渐加强;翻译方法由译述、编译发展到全译,并引起了长时间的直译、意译之争;同时,翻译文体对新文学运动产生了巨大影响.该论文的重点在于从多元系统理论角度来描述五四前后两个阶段的外国文学翻译.五四前(1898~1919),翻译文学处于中国文学系统的边缘.译作受目的语规范的制约,但翻译过程中随意操纵的现象严重,从而形成了五四前保守的翻译文学形式库和静态经典性,即某些外国翻译文学作品的文本被奉为经典,但是它们的文学模式并没有被中国创作文学吸收.五四后(1919~1927),西方各种思潮涌入中国,

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