异国求学路上的跨文化生存——对广西师范大学泰国留学生跨文化人际交往适应过程的质性研究

摘要

为深入了解泰国留学生在华跨文化人际交往及适应情况，本文采用质性研究方法，对6名广西师范大学泰国留学生进行长达7个月的跟踪调查，详细地记录、描写、解释泰国留学生在中国文化环境中交友的情况，适应中国交往模式的过程，以及这一过程中他们的心路历程。通过两次正式深入访谈、数次非正式交流及参与式观察进行数据收集，并结合跨文化适应理论及中泰文化差异进行数据分析、归类。
　　研究发现:泰国留学生对朋友有着宽泛的定义，可将认识的人都归为朋友。但对朋友和好朋友却有着严格的区分，他们普遍认为在中国还尚未有好朋友，因为他们认为成为好朋友的条件是交往时间、信息共享以及相互信任;在华交友是现实之需，心理慰藉及情感所寄;舍友关系、师生关系及与泰国留学生之间的关系构成他们在华主要人际关系;拟亲性及包容性是他们在华人际交往过程中的突出特点;影响他们在华人际交往及适应的主要因素为有限的中文水平、不同的社交软件、不同的作息习惯和交往规则、较少的交往机会以及差异化的管理方式。同时，本研究还通过“深描”的形式展示了泰国留学生的跨文化人际交往适应过程。在这一适应过程中，他们品尝到了人际交往中的酸甜苦辣，从初到异国时兴奋与害怕交织的矛盾心情，到克服困难主动交友，再到不懈努力后学会交友，适应中国人以球会友的交友方式，最后因享受交友成功而自豪。其中一位留学生还总结出了“中国交友攻略”。
　　本研究针对上述影响人际交往适应因素，提出相应对策。留学生所在学校应共享学生活动信息，趋同管理中外学生;留学生所在院系应针对来华留学不同阶段设计辅导机制，建立“伙伴制”以互助互学，并提高教师的跨文化意识;留学生应克服畏惧心理，使用中国常用的社交软件扩大朋友圈，并充分利用资源，提高中文水平。

目录

摘要

Abstract

Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction

1．1 Background

1．2 Purpose of the Study

1．3 Significance of the Study

1．4 Organization of the Study

Chapter 2 Literature Review

2．1 Basic Concept of Intercultural Adaptation

2．1．1 Concept of Culture and Culture Shock

2．1．2 Cultural Adaptation and Intercultural Adaptation

2．1．3 Intercultural Adaptation Model and Strategy

2．1．4 Intercultural Interpersonal Communication

2．2 Intercultural Adaptation Studies

2．2．1 International Studies

2．2．2 Domestic Studies

2．2．3 Studies on Thai Students Intercultural Adaptation

2．2．4 Summary

Chapter 3 Research Methodology

3．1 Reasons for Using Qualitative Research Method

3．1．1 Dynamic Feature of Qualitative Research Method and Research Content

3．1．2 Situational Characteristics of Qualitative Research Method

3．2 Sampling Method

3．3 Participants

3．4 Research Procedures

3．5 Data Collection

3．5．1 Semi-structured In-depth Interview

3．5．2 Participatory Observation and Informal Conversation

3．6 Data Analysis

Chapter 4 Thal International Students Intercultural Adaptation and Interpersonal Relationship

4．1 Intercultural Communication Values and Concepts

4．1．1 Thai Students’ Deftnitions of Friends

4．1．2 Essential Elements of Best Friends

4．1．3 Aims of Friends-making

4．2 Thai Students’ Intercultural Interpersonal Relationship Formation in China

4．2．1 Roommates Relationship

4．2．2 Student-Teacher Relationship

4．2．3 Co-national Relationship

4．3 Characteristics of Thai students’ Friends-making in China

4．3．1 Fietive Kinship

4．3．2 Forbearance

4．4 Thai students’ Intercultural Communication Adaptation Process

4．4．1 Newly Arrived：the Ambivalence of Excitement and Fear

4．4．2 Initiative Strive：Friends-making in Progress

4．4．3 Learn to Make Friends：Become Sensible

4．4．4 Enjoy Success：Proud and Pride

4．5 Reasons of Thai Students’ Interpersonal Communication Difficulties in China

4．5．1 Chinese Proficiency

4．5．2 Different Communication Software

4．5．3 Different Daily Routine and Communication Rules

4．5．4 More Campuses，Few Communication

4．5．5 Separate Accommodation from the Chinese Students

Chapter 5 Interpersonal Relationship Adaptation Assistance Mechanism

5．1 Suggestions for International Students’ School

5．1．1 Sharing Activities Information

5．1．2 Building Convergent Management System

5．2 Suggestions for International Students’ Department

5．2．1 Building Counseling and Tutoring Mechanism

5．2．2 Building Buddy System

5．2．3 Improving the Instructor’s Intercultural Awareness

5．3 Suggestions for International Students

5．3．1 Overcoming Psychological Barrier

5．3．2 Using Chinese Communication Software

5．3．3 Making Use of Resources

Chapter 6 Conclusions

6．1 Research Findings

6．2 Limitations of the Study

6．3 Suggestions for Future Studies

Bibliography

Appendices

Publications During the Postgraduate Program

Acknowledgments

声明