关联理论对文学翻译中风格传译、文化缺省及策略选择的解释

摘要

关联理论最初是由法国学者斯珀伯和英国学者威尔逊为了描述人类交际活动的认知过程而提出的．根据关联理论，交际是一个明示——推理过程，人类交际的目标是为了获得最佳关联——听者期待其理解过程会以最小的处理努力获得足够的语境效果。交际者评估听众的认知环境和认知能力后，以话语形式表达自己的交际意图，听众再用话语中表达的信息以及语境假设推测出交际者的交际意图。关联理论认为交际分为两种不同的语言运用模式：描述性运用及解释性运用，它将翻译视为一种语言的跨语际解释性运用。 关联理论的最初使命虽然不是解释翻译，但它为翻译研究提供了一个统一的、合理的理论框架。厄恩斯特·奥古斯特·格特率先将关联理论应用于翻译中，指出翻译是一种言语交际行为，是与大脑机制密切联系的推理过程，它不仅涉及语码，更重要的是根据动态的语境进行动态的推理，而推理的依据就是关联性，关联性决定着译者对原文的理解程度及其对译文信息的取舍。该观点的提出在翻译研究界产生了很大反响，总体上可以说是毁誉参半。 本文分析指出了翻译界对关联理论翻译研究的一些误解，并试图将关联理论应用于文学翻译。本文认为文学翻译中的三个问题：文体风格传译(或美学价值再现)、文化缺省以及翻译策略的选择问题都可以在关联理论框架内得到简洁、充分的解释。关联理论认为在保证交际效度的同时，应尽量向原作趋同，保留原作的风格；缺省是翻译过程中不可避免的，它归因于人类认知处理方面的局限性和语言文化本身的特异性。归化异化策略的选择应以有利于读者获得最佳关联为导向。本文的分析论证表明关联理论是可以解释文学翻译的，在关联理论框架内，评价翻译的标准是最佳关联的传递。

目录

文摘

英文文摘

声明

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Motivation and Purpose of the Present Study

1.2 Significance of the Thesis

1.3 Structure of the Thesis

1.4 Research Methodology

Chapter 2 Literature Review

2.1 Achievements Abroad on Relevance Theoretic Translation Studies

2.2 Achievements at Home on Relevance Theoretic Translation Studies

Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework

3.1 A Brief Introduction to Relevance Theory

3.2 Related Concepts of Relevance Theory Employed in the Present Study

3.2.1 Communication as an Ostensive-inferential Process

3.2.2 Context and the Principle of Relevance

3.2.3 Communicative Clues

3.2.4 Descriptive and Interpretive Use of Language

Chapter 4 Translation from the Perspective of Relevance Theory

4.1 The Notion of Translation under the Relevance Theory

4.2 Criteria to Judge Translation: Transference of Optimal Relevance

4.3 Changes of Scientific Method Concerning Translation Studies in the Framework of Relevance Theory

4.3.1 Shift from Traditional Approach to Communicative Approach

4.3.2 Shift from Descriptive Study to Explanatory Study in relevance Theory

Chapter 5 Relevance-Theoretic Account for Tree Phenomenon in Literary Translation

5.1 Two Main Misunderstandings of Relevance Theoretic Translation Studies

5.2 Relevance-Theoretic Account for the transference of Stylistic Value of Literary Translation

5.2.1 The Importance of Transferring Stylistic Value in Literary Translation

5.2.2 Relevance-Theoretic Analysis of Stylistic Features of Literary Language

5.2.3 Relevance-Theoretic Account for the Transference of Stylistic Value

5.3 Relevance-Theoretic Account for Cultural Default in Literary Translation

5.3.1 Three Kinds of Default in Translation

5.3.2 Relevance-Theoretic Account for Cultural Default

5.4 Relevance-Theoretic Account for Translating Strategies in Literary Translation

5.4.1 Relevance-Theoretic Account for Foreignization

5.4.2 Relevance-Theoretic Account for Domestication

5.4.3 Relevance-Theoretic Account for the Unification of Foreignization and Domestication

Chapter 6 Conclusion

6.1 Conclusion

6.2 Limitations of the Study

References

Appendix

Acknowledgements