DECOMMISSIONING OF RTGS IN NORTHWEST RUSSIA: THE NORWEGIAN APPROACH FOCUSING ON RISK AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTS

摘要

The nuclear legacy in Northwest Russia continues to be a large concern for Russia’s neighbouring countries, the international community and indeed Russia herself. Potential radiation hazards to man and environment from accidents at nuclear installations and waste starages should be a focus area. The process of removing a potential radiation hazard may lead to an increase in risk in the short term. However, this risk is usually of minor importance when decomissioning Radioisotopic Thermoelectric Generators (RTGs), compared to future potential risks if the “do nothing” option is chosen. Removing and securing RTGs has been a priority task for Norway in recent years. Fifty-five RTGs were removed and secured by the end of 2004. A further 31 RTGs are planned to be decomissioned in 2005. It is important to minimize risks when decommissioning. Performing risk and environmental impact assessments that address different options are key tools used to provide a minimum risk to man and environment from a specific measure. Such an assessment was performed in 2004, and additional assessments are planed during 2005 acitvities. International consensus on requirements for these assessments is needed to reduce potential risks for radioactive contamination, especially when western donor countries fund specific projects in Russia.