SUSTAINABLE GUIDELINES FOR MANAGING DEMOLITION WASTE IN EGYPT

摘要

Demolition activities, including renovation/remodelling works and complete or selective removal/demolishing of existing structures either by man-made processes or by natural disasters, create an extensive amount of wastes. These demolition wastes are characterised as heterogeneous mixtures of building materials that are usually contaminated with chemicals and dirt. In developing countries, it is estimated that demolition wastes comprise 20% to 30% of the total annual solid wastes. In Egypt, the daily quantity of construction and demolition (C&D) waste has been estimated as 10,000 tonnes. That is equivalent to one third of the total daily municipal solid wastes generated per day in Egypt. The objective of this paper is to recommend practical guidelines to be added to the Egyptian Executive Regulations 338/1995 of the Egyptian Environmental Law no. 4/1994 to manage the amount and types of demolition waste in Egypt. These guidelines were scientifically tailored and were based on the responses from 35 Egyptian construction companies regarding how construction waste is handled on their projects, and from 40 samples of people with different backgrounds on ways to reduce the disposal of building materials waste in Egypt. The proposed guidelines were evaluated by a number of prominent national and multinational construction organisations in Egypt. This paper summarises the proposed Egyptian demolition waste management guidelines, which cover: (1) the waste management hierarchy based on the '4Rs' Golden Rule of Reducing, Reusing, Recycling and Recovering of waste; (2) the different implementation stages which start from the early planning phase, followed by the tendering and contract formulation phase and finally the execution phase; (3) the various techniques, methodologies, procedures and strategies recommended to reduce the amount of waste and (4) the degree of involvement of all the construction industry parties (owner, engineer, designer, and contractor) in the implementation of the guidelines.