Chemical composition and pharmacological activity of Salacia hainanensis Chun et How

摘要

Salacia hainanensis Chun et How, as a special species belonging to the Salacia genus of Hippocrateaceae family and mainly distributed in Hainan Province of China, is a special climbing shrub in Hainan province in China. It has the functions of activating blood, resolving stasis, expelling wind and removing dampness. Diabetes mellitus is a kind of metabolic disease characterized by the increasing content of blood glucose. The effect that natural herbs treat the diabetes has been used for a long time. Based on previous research, our work team found that the methanol exact of S. hainanensis had showed the significant inhibitory activities against aglucosidase and formations of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which suggested that S. hainanensis could be used to treat the diabetes mellitus and the complications. Our continuous work offered forty-two compounds isolated from the methanol extract by means of silica gel, Sephadex column chromatography and preparative RP-HPLC isolation methods. Spectral analysis along with physical chemical properties were used to determine their structures, and they were identified as 3a,28-dihydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-2-one(l), 3ochydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-2-one (2), D:A- friedooleanane-7a, 30-dihydroxy-3-one (3 ) , 26,27dihydroxy-7,24-tirucalladien-3-one (4), 2,3-seco- lupanedioic (5), lup-20(29)-en-3,21-dione (6), amyrin (7), 30-hydroxyfriedelan-3-one (8), mannitol (9), 24S,25-Dihydroxytirucall-7-en-3-one (10), abruslactone A (11), lupeol(12), 21a,30-dihydroxyD:A-friedooleanan-3-one (13), 15a-hydroxyfriedelan-3one (14), epicatechin (15), mangiferin (16), friedelin (17), 2β,3β-dihydroxylup-20(29)-ene(18), 30hydroxy-D:A-friedoolean-l-en-3-one(19), 24,25,26trihydroxytriucall-7-en-3-one (20), olibanumol J (21), 29hydroxyfriedelan-3-one (22), 2,6-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenol-l-0β-D-glucopyranoside(23), diospyrososide (24), 7,29-dihydroxyfriedooleanan-3-one (25), 21a-hydroxy-D:A-friedooleanan-3-one (26), mannitol (27), 21a-hydroxy-D:A-friedooleanan-3-one (28), yS-sitosterol (29), daucosterol (30), la, 21a-dihydroxy- friedooleanan-3-one (31) , 24,27-dihydroxy-25-methoxy-triucall-9en-3-one (32), 2β3β22a- trihydroxylup-20(29)-ene (33), 3pMiydroxy-29-acidlup-20(29)-en-2-one (34), 2, 3-seco-lwp- 20 (29)-en-2-methoxy-3-oic acid (35), 3β,30-dihydroxylup-20(29)-en2-one (36), 3β,30- Dihydroxyolean-12-ene (37), quercetin (38), kaempferol (39), (-)-lyoniresinol 3a-O-β-D- glucopyranosde (40), Bis (2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate (41), Oleanic acid (42). Among these compounds, compounds 1-4, 18-20,31-34 were new compounds, compounds 5 and 35 were two new natural products. Meanwhile, compound 11, 21, 23, 24, 37, 40 were isolated from this genus for the first time. In order to evaluate the effect on anti-diabetic activity, by the screening of inhibitory activity on a-glucosidase and AGEs production, the inhibitory activities of methanol extracts and these compounds were tested. Compounds 4, 5, 6, 22 showed much stronger activity than that of the positive control on the aglucosidase inhibitory activity. Even to the inhibitory of AGEs production, all the compounds showed activity with the different degrees activities.