Smart Solution for Fulfilling Economic and Socio-Cultural Rights of Indigenous Communites in West Sumatera: Study of Economic and Socio-cultural Rights Fulfillment

摘要

The background of the second-year research is derived from the results of the first-year research, which is the finding of the fulfillment of the economic and socio-cultural rights of indigenous peoples below the standard basic needs. According to Law No.11/2005 or the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) ratified by the Republic of Indonesia has the tendency that has not been fulfilled. Therefore, the objective of the second-year research is to conduct training to improve these conditions, with social intervention in making social changes for indigenous peoples as an effort to improve their welfare. The research method used is FGD as derivative R&D method. From the results of the first-year research that illustrates the welfare conditions of indigenous families through their income levels, the living conditions, the family potential and the possible use of the potential, the types of skills which are already possessed and which may be improved, and the low level of education; therefore, in the second year, the efforts made were training in social interventions based on the conditions experienced by indigenous families such as sharing knowledge, skills, technology trial for goods or services they produce, information of financial institutions/capital, and access to markets, then it is followed by the validation test and improvement of the model. The research locations are 2 customary villages fostered by the Regional Government of West Sumatra Province, namely the Nagari (village) of Koto Berapak of South Pesisir Regency and Nagari (village) Lawang of Agam Regency, which focus 40 families in the customary villages. The results showed that there was improvement in fulfillment of the social changes of indigenous peoples (80%) in the fields of education, health, food, housing, employment opportunities, and social security. This research is followed by empirical methods that rely on observations, questionnaires and interviews as well as Focus Group Discussion (FGD) about: the model testing of fulfilling indigenous peoples' rights and perfecting the model. The results showed that the incepted model can be used as an academic text for village regulations and Ranperda (Submission of Regional Regulation Draft) of West Sumatra province.