The Concept of Customary Forest Management in Indonesia: A Case in Bengkalis, Indonesia

摘要

Customary forest is a new history in forest management in Indonesia. Since the beginning, Indonesia has established the protection and management of forest areas, especially those relating to the rights of indigenous peoples, which has its own problems where indigenous peoples must struggle to balance the policies of State regulations in the field of forestry and natural resource management. Long before Indonesian Independence, indigenous people's units were recognized along with their traditional rights as long as they were still alive and in accordance with the development of the community. The history of Grandfather King Admiral in the Sea is widely known by the people of Indonesia where his tomb is now in the Bukit Batu area, precisely in the village of Sukajadi. In the past Datuk Laksmana Raja in the Sea had a wide enough territory even the King had full control over his territorial territory including in matters of management of rights to land or forest products, but after the formation of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia and the transfer of sovereignty in the State these conditions changed the structure and governance structure of the State including the recognition of Indigenous Rights. Then what is the condition or status of the recognition of rights to customary forests in the Datuk Laksmana Raja in the Sea and how is the form of management of customary areas/territories carried out at the present time. This study uses a sociological legal research method in which the data collected at the research location is processed and analyzed with sentences linked to the theories the researcher presents. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the recognition of Indigenous forests in the Territory of the Raja Datuk Laksamana Raja in the Sea is based on the historical approach inherent as a power during the time of the Raja or Datuk Laksamana in power whose management is then continued by his descendants. current customary forest management in the Datuk Laksamana Raja in the Sea region is very partial and has not been followed by clear tools as the mechanism for determining customary forests by the state so that the status of these customary forest rights creates uncertainty in the community.