Measurement and spectrometry of fluxes of charged particles using a scintillator-photodiode-preamplifier (S-PD-PA) and new types of scintillators based on semiconductor AIIBVI compounds

摘要

Scintillators based on A$+II$/B$+VI$/ compounds, having relative small effective atomic numbers, can be used for measurement and spectrometry of fluxes of light and heavy charged particles. In this paper we attempted to specify the possibilities and limitations of the development of new types of solid-state detectors of charged particles and corresponding instruments on the basis of CdS(Te) and ZnSe(Te) scintillator single crystals produced by STC RI of the Concern `Institute for Single Crystals'. Principal attention was paid to a promising system S-PD-PA, combined with modern computer facilities. For the best specimens of instruments, we obtained energy resolution for alpha- particles with E$-$alpha$/ $EQ 5.15 MeV R$-$alpha$/ $EQ 4- 5%, for electrons with E$-e$/ $EQ 0.624 MeV $EQ R$-e$/ $EQ 11-12%, alpha to beta ratio $alpha@/$gamma $EQ 1.0 $POM 0.1, beta to gamma ratio $beta@/$gamma - more than 100. A possibility is discussed of a combined method of detection and spectrometry of electrons in the energy range of 0.015 - 3.0 MeV using a windowless silicon PIN-PD (0.01 - 3.0 MeV), as well as a scintillation detector comprising a scintillator and a PIN-PD (0.2 - 3.0 MeV).