Bfezno Tunnel in an undermined area

摘要

The paper submitted describes development of the design of a railway tunnel situated in an undermined area with unrecorded underground extraction of brown coal. It was both rampant mining probably in the 17th and 18th centuries, carried out in the upper seam, which was manageable for primitive equipment up to a depth of about 25.0m, and organised extraction in the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century, in the second seam, roughly 10.0 - 12.0m under the upper seam. Unfortunately, only partial records of this mining remain.