Cleaning of Cosmodrome Equipment Surfaces from Petroleum Products Pollutants

摘要

The problem of using service equipment at a cosmodrome (vehicles for the goods transportation, loading equipment, etc.), using traditional petroleum products (PP) in the form of fuel and combustible lubricants is described, as a result of leakage or improper operation of the equipment, its surfaces and environment also are contaminated, which requires special studies to find ways and methods of eliminating this pollution. It has been shown that over time, a change in the composition of PP deposits on the surfaces of the service equipment occurs due to the ?outwashing? of light fractions, oxidation and gumming of PP. The resistance to destruction of the resulting multicomponent dispersed systems increases significantly, so the removal of deposits and subsequent disposal become an urgent and complex problem. It is noted that there are developments that provide for the acceleration of the steaming operation and sluicing using industrial washing agent (IWA) containing acid, alkaline and soda-chromic composite reagents that adversely affect metal surfaces and have environmental restrictions. In addition, it is shown that the mandatory disposal of waste solutions should be carried out. Based on the results of theoretical and experimental studies, IWA based on salts of peptides, amino acids, aminopolycarboxylic acids (APCA) and peptide derivatives of APCA is proposed, which allows solving the problem of creating effective IWA for cleaning surfaces contaminated with PP. Possible ways of its technical implementation and directions for further research are shown.