Justification of the Effectiveness of the Use of Devices for Autonomous Diagnostics of Functioning Systems

摘要

Issues of efficiency in measures ensuring reduction in risk of operating hazardous technical systems possessing high levels of wear, and, in particular, fuel and exhaust systems of power supply facilities and refueling equipment for liquid-propellant space rockets are examined. The given measures in reducing risk could be divided into two groups: measures to prevent any risk and measures to mitigate it. With an increase in costs for the indicated measures, reducing the risk of damage from accidents is obtained. At the same time, costs reduced to the year indicators appear to be the total of reduced costs aimed at risk reduction and reduced damage from damages costs. And these costs with a certain value of cost for decreasing the risk would accept minimum values exceeding the specified level of costs and do not compensate for the additional costs of reducing the risk. Searching for the indicated level of costs in risk reduction from accidents, where the costs are minimal, appears to be an optimization task to minimize the costs reduced to the year. Under conditions of limited resource and in order to increase the operational safety and security level of potentially hazardous technical systems with a high degree of wear, accident prevention measures are applied, including, first of all, nondestructive inspection (NDI) of the technical condition during functioning thereof. At present, certain experience was accumulated in the NDI of potentially hazardous technical systems, primarily of oil-trunk pipelines and industrial chimneys. The paper presents proposals on risk management of the operating hazardous technical systems, including a scheme of the functioning system risk management.