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Coalescing Versus Merging of Energy Levels in One-Dimensional Potentials

机译:合并与一维潜力中能量水平的合并

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In one dimensional quantum mechanics there is one to one correspondence between eigenvalues and eigenstates, there is an absence of degeneracy. So when a parameter of the Hamiltonian is varied slowly, curves can not cross but they can come quite close and then diverge from each other (Avoided Crossing). Crossings and avoided crossings of levels is commonly observed in the spectra of two or three dimensional systems. Mostly, in one dimensional systems if a parameter of the potential is varied slowly, the eigenvalues increase or decrease monotonically. For particle in an infinitely deep well of width a, {formula} decrease as function of a. For harmonic oscillator potential, E_n=(n+1/2)?w increase linearly as function of the frequency parameter w.
机译:在一维量子力学中,特征值和特征酯之间存在一对一的对应关系,存在不存在退化。因此,当Hamiltonian的参数缓慢变化时,曲线不能交叉,但它们可以相当近距离,然后彼此分歧(避免过横穿)。在两个或三维系统的光谱中通常观察到交叉和避免水平的交叉。大多数情况下,如果电位的参数缓慢变化,则特征值可以单调地增加或减少。对于无限深的宽度A,{公式}的粒子随着功能而减小。对于谐振子电位,E_n =(n + 1/2)Δw作为频率参数w的功能线性增加。

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