Fiber-derived devices which uses optical field as a probe sensing for the quantification of biological species like cells, proteins, DNA and various types of tissues are recognized as Fiber optic biosensors (FOBS). These are very promising as they are useful supplementary and exclusively efficient devices with its greater efficiency, minimum cost and hence they are more accurate and are widely used in biomedical measurements and applications. Here, in the present exploration the basic principles of fiber optic evanescent wave sensor (FOEWS) are recapitulated. Various customary geometries for evanescent sensing are reviewed and finally a summarized study is done for the detection of biomolecules in recent years using FOBS.
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