Evaluation of physical and chemical quality of well water in Zakho District, Kurdistan region, Iraq

摘要

This study evaluates the physical and chemical characteristics of well water in Zakho district, Duhok governorate. Standard field and laboratory methods were followed. In order to characterize ground water quality in Zakho district, eight wells were selected to represent their water quality. Monthly samples were collected from the wells for the period from October 2016 to April 2017. The samples were tested for electrical conductivity (EC), total alkalinity (TA), total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, Nitrate (NO3-), total hardness (TH) and chlorides, according to the standard methods (American Public Health Association. The results of statistical analysis showed significant difference among the wells water quality in the measured parameters. Ground water of Zakho district have high dissolved ions due to the dissolved rocks of the study area. Total dissolved solids of more than 1000 mg/1 made the wells Fravvla, Kealk and Zarek need to be treated to made taste palatable. Additionally high electrical conductivity and TDS made Zakho ground water have a slight to moderate restriction to crop growth. The high alkalinity of Zakho ground water indicated stabilized PH. The water quality of all the wells were found excessively hard. The nitrate concentration of Zakho well water ranged between 0.19 to 42.4 mg/1 below the guidelines for.