Electromagnetic Environment Management in Smart Railroad Power Systems

摘要

The main features of power generating industry contemporary stage are transition to the new technological platform based on smart grid concept. This concept is fully applicable in Railroad Power Systems. Implementation of smart Railroad Power Systems would allow solution of the following practical issues: ensuring high level of power supply reliability; enhancing electromagnetic safety (ES); minimization of power losses and costs for Railroad Power Systems operation; enhancing power quality in Railroad Power Systems and in connected power systems. Implementation of smart Railroad Power Systems requires development of computer-based technologies for modes and electromagnetic fields simulation that determine electromagnetic safety conditions. The methods of defining modes in phase coordinates developed in Irkutsk State Transport University allow carrying out simultaneous calculations of electromagnetic fields (EMF) intensities of multi wire lines when determining the mode of an external power system (EPS) and traction power supply system (TPSS). In this case, the line under consideration is viewed inseparably with complex EPS. Simultaneous calculation of the mode and created EMF allows implementation of the system approach to analysis of electromagnetic environment. Its distinct feature is a possibility of EMF simulation with due regard for all properties and characteristics of the complex TPSS and EPS. Electromagnetic environment management can be reduced to the issue of magnetic field reduction in given points of active network space. Methods for this issue solution are divided into technical and mode ones. The following actions are referred to as technical ones: the use of autotransformer TPSS 2x25 kV; the use of suction transformers with return conductor; installation of adjuvant wire and shielding wire; the use of passive screens installed on passenger platforms. Optimization of train operation schedules and train operation modes are referred to the mode actions in accordance with ES enhancement criterion, as well as the use of automatic train operation with algorithms aimed at peak loads reduction. Magnetic field intensity can be reduced by the use of trains' optimal operation schedule, and by the use of "soft" modes for trains' operation. The last action is capable reducing magnetic field intensity peak values by approximately 25%.