The effect of the electrostatic field on the structural organization of macromolecules of polar elastomers was studied using polychloroprene (PCP) as an example. The impact of the electrostatic field on thin films of polychloroprene in the process of their formation leads to the formation of a supramolecular structure that is different from that in films formed under similar conditions, but in the absence of a field. An analysis of the dielectric relaxation spectra of samples in an electrostatic field shows an increase in order in the arrangement of macromolecules (degree of crystallinity). The results of the evaluation of the increase in the degree of crystallinity of the films studied by the dielectric method are in good agreement with the estimate of this parameter by analyzing the IR spectra. The results obtained give grounds to conclude that there is an increase in orderliness in the arrangement of polar molecules in thin films of elastomers when they are formed and kept in an electrostatic field. Increasing the order in the arrangement of polar macromolecules leads to an increase in electrical conductivity in thin films of such a material. The work substantiates and uses a method for assessing the degree of crystallinity of an elastomer by analyzing the temperature dependence of electrical capacity.
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